UpTempO: Measuring the Upper Layer Temperature of the Arctic Ocean

UpTempO：测量北冰洋上层温度

• 批准号: 0856177
• 负责人: Michael Steele
• 金额: $ 87.52万
• 依托单位: University of Washington
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 项目类别: Standard Grant
• 财政年份: 2009
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2009-06-15 至 2013-09-30
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=0856177&HistoricalAwards=false
• 关键词: UpTempO; Measuring; Upper; Layer; Temperature

This award is funded under the American Recovery and Reinvestment Act of 2009 (Public Law 111-5).Ice-based buoys exist that can measure temperature profiles, but these are not optimized for observing the open sea. Thus the objective of this proposal is to fill this gap in the Arctic Observing Network measurement strategy, i.e., to measure the time history of summer warming and subsequent fall cooling of the seasonally open water areas of the Arctic Ocean. The PIs will focus on those areas with the greatest ice retreat, i.e., the northern Beaufort, Chukchi, East Siberian, and Laptev Seas. Their method will be to build up to 10 relatively inexpensive ocean thermistor string buoys per year, to be deployed in the seasonally ice-free regions of the Arctic Ocean. The Arctic-ADOS (Autonomous Drifting Ocean Station) buoy will float at the ocean surface, equipped with (i) a sea level pressure sensor, (ii) a 50 m long string of 11 thermistors, and (iii) a high precision conductivity/temperature pair at 5 m depth on some buoys for thermistor calibration. Data will be recorded every 2 hours and downloaded in near real time via ARGOS satellite to the web site of the International Arctic Buoy Program (IABP). Daily average and vertically interpolated data (to 1 m bins) will also be provided on the IABP website, and will be sent to data archives (CADIS and NODC). The PIs will also work with scientists at mission-oriented agencies to better incorporate ocean surface data into their global products such as Sea Surface Temperature analyses. Real-time data will also be made available to the operational community via the Global Telecommunications System (GTS). Buoy deployment will use existing assets such as C130 aircraft coordinated by the National Ice Center (NIC), ship cruises planned as part of other projects, and springtime ice surveys conducted by other projects and/or by the U.S. Navy north of Alaska.

该奖项根据 2009 年《美国复苏和再投资法案》（公法 111-5）提供资金。现有冰基浮标可以测量温度剖面，但这些浮标并未针对观测公海进行优化。因此，该提案的目标是填补北极观测网络测量策略的这一空白，即测量北冰洋季节性开放水域夏季变暖和随后秋季变冷的时间历史。 PI 将重点关注冰退缩最严重的地区，即波弗特海北部、楚科奇海、东西伯利亚海和拉普捷夫海。他们的方法是每年建造多达 10 个相对便宜的海洋热敏电阻串浮标，部署在北冰洋季节性无冰地区。 北极-ADOS（自主漂流海洋站）浮标将漂浮在海面，配备（i）海平面压力传感器，（ii）50 m长的11个热敏电阻串，以及（iii）一些浮标上5 m深度的高精度电导率/温度对，用于热敏电阻校准。数据将每 2 小时记录一次，并通过 ARGOS 卫星近乎实时地下载到国际北极浮标计划 (IABP) 的网站。日平均和垂直插值数据（1 m bin）也将在 IABP 网站上提供，并将发送到数据档案（CADIS 和 NODC）。 PI 还将与任务导向机构的科学家合作，更好地将海洋表面数据纳入其全球产品，例如海面温度分析。实时数据也将通过全球电信系统（GTS）提供给运营社区。浮标部署将使用现有资产，例如由国家冰雪中心 (NIC) 协调的 C130 飞机、计划作为其他项目一部分的船舶巡航，以及由其他项目和/或美国海军在阿拉斯加北部进行的春季冰调查。