The Network Governance of Crisis Response: Analyzing the Incident Command System

危机应对的网络治理：事件指挥体系解析

• 批准号: 0856576
• 负责人: Donald Moynihan
• 金额: $ 8.25万
• 依托单位: University of Wisconsin-Madison
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 项目类别: Standard Grant
• 财政年份: 2009
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2009-08-01 至 2012-08-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=0856576&HistoricalAwards=false
• 关键词: Network; Governance; Crisis; Response; Analyzing

When a crisis occurs many organizations must work with each other in order to provide an effective response. But these organizations may have only limited familiarity and experience with one another. This makes coordination difficult, resulting in delays and duplication in the critical hours after an event. The research project will examine how responders coordinate with one another amidst crisis. To do so, the research will examine examples of crisis response in the United States, including response to terrorist attacks, natural disasters, and animal disease outbreaks. This project will help us to understand how different levels of government, non-profits and private actors can prepare to respond to crises. In 2004, the Department of Homeland Security mandated that all levels of government had to use the Incident Command System, which centralizes authority over multiple response organizations into the hands of a single commander. This research project will help us to understand how well the Incident Command System has worked in practice, what challenges it faces, and how it can work more effectively. More broadly, the research will provide knowledge about how traditional hierarchical organizations find ways to quickly form a network.

当危机发生时，许多组织必须相互合作，以提供有效的反应。 但这些组织彼此之间的熟悉程度和经验可能有限。 这使得协调变得困难，导致在事件发生后的关键时间内出现延误和重复。 该研究项目将研究应急人员如何在危机中相互协调。 为此，该研究将研究美国危机应对的例子，包括对恐怖袭击、自然灾害和动物疾病爆发的应对。该项目将帮助我们了解各级政府、非营利组织和私营部门如何做好应对危机的准备。 2004年，国土安全部规定各级政府必须使用事故指挥系统，该系统将多个响应组织的权力集中到一个指挥官手中。 这个研究项目将帮助我们了解事故指挥系统在实践中的运作情况，它面临的挑战，以及如何才能更有效地工作。 更广泛地说，这项研究将提供有关传统层级组织如何找到快速形成网络的方法的知识。