Climate-change Impacts on Terrestrial Ecosystems: The Intersection of Restoration, Invasives, and Disturbance

气候变化对陆地生态系统的影响：恢复、入侵和干扰的交叉点

• 批准号: 0918617
• 负责人: Christopher Field
• 金额: $ 122.95万
• 依托单位: Carnegie Institution of Washington
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 项目类别: Standard Grant
• 财政年份: 2009
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2009-09-01 至 2014-08-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=0918617&HistoricalAwards=false
• 关键词: Climate; change; Impacts; Terrestrial; Ecosystems

This is a project on managing ecosystems to protect or enhance key ecosystem services. It focuses on the intersection between climate change and restoration. The central hypothesis is that climate change can facilitate or impede restoration of California grassland ecosystems to native perennial plants, with the direction of the effect depending on soil fertility and the prevalence of wildfire. Building on a legacy of ten years of global-change manipulations (e.g., enhanced nitrogen deposition, warming, elevated carbon dioxide and altered precipitation) at Jasper Ridge, the research will explore approaches for enhancing dominance by the native plants and increasing resistance to invasion by non-native plant species. The research involves a series of field-based manipulative experiments that will explore the role of climate change in facilitating or retarding the replacement of non-native plants with native perennial grassland. It will also address the role of wildfire in this restoration and assess the susceptibility to invasion of restored and unrestored grassland, all within the context of a wide range of simulated climate changes.The broader impacts component of the research has three parts. Part one involves enhancing the visibility and highlighting the policy relevance of manipulative experiments in the reports of the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (where the PI is co-chair of Working Group 2 on impacts, adaptation, and vulnerability). Part two is based on transforming the results of the research into products and presentations designed to be useful to ecosystem managers. Part three adds a global climate component to an award-winning Jasper Ridge program focused on engaging sixth-grade students in environmental studies.

这是一个关于管理生态系统以保护或增强关键生态系统服务的项目。 它侧重于气候变化和恢复之间的交叉点。 核心假设是，气候变化可以促进或阻碍加州草原生态系统恢复到本地多年生植物，其影响的方向取决于土壤肥力和野火的流行。 在十年全球变化操纵的基础上（例如，在碧玉岭，这项研究将探讨如何提高本地植物的优势地位，并提高对非本地植物物种入侵的抵抗力。该研究涉及一系列基于实地的操纵实验，将探讨气候变化在促进或延缓非本土植物与本土多年生草地的替代中的作用。它还将解决野火在这一恢复中的作用，并评估恢复和未恢复的草原对入侵的敏感性，所有这些都在广泛的模拟气候变化的背景下进行。 第一部分涉及在政府间气候变化专门委员会的报告中提高可见度并强调操纵性实验的政策相关性（国际政策研究所是关于影响、适应和脆弱性的第二工作组的联合主席）。第二部分是将研究结果转化为产品和演示文稿，旨在为生态系统管理者提供有用的信息。 第三部分增加了一个全球气候组成部分，以获奖的碧玉岭计划的重点是从事六年级学生在环境研究。