MRI: Acquisition of a Multi-Institutional, Multi-Departmental, Modern X-Ray Diffraction System to Anchor a Portland Area Materials Characterization Group

该奖项是根据2009年美国复苏和再投资法案(公法111-5)资助的。技术总结：实验室X射线衍射(XRD)技术长期以来一直被不同学科的研究人员用来揭示结构信息，这些信息可以与化学和物理特性相关联，以指导材料和器件设计。然而，传统的X射线衍射技术在分析现代体系的能力方面受到限制，现代体系往往以微米和纳米尺度的薄膜和胶体成分为特征。这种微纳米结构材料是我们在前沿科学领域的研究工作的核心，这些领域包括：为医学成像、艺术品保存和电子应用开发量身定制的纳米颗粒，以及优化电池、太阳能电池或水分离材料以实现更高效的能源生产。掠入射X射线衍射仪和小角X射线散射(SAXS)等技术现已可用于薄膜和纳米颗粒的分析，具有这两种能力的现代X射线衍射仪将分别有利于获得博士和学士学位的机构、波特兰州立大学以及刘易斯和安培；克拉克学院和里德学院的研究和培训。此外，该仪器将允许我们开发新的X射线方法，例如，根据散射数据确定纳米颗粒浓度。这三个机构的共同绩效指标有一个共享仪器、资源和科学发现的现有机制。对于这些机构(化学、物理和地质)的几个学术部门的研究人员来说，该仪器也是至关重要的，它的共享存在将支持俄勒冈州纳米科学和微技术研究所(ONAMI)下的重点研究工作，从而加强参与该组织的政府、学术和工业实验室之间的合作。莱曼摘要：类似于使用医疗X射线来评估人体结构特征和计划医疗，分析实验室X射线在确定固体样品的结构信息方面至关重要，经常导致改进设备和新材料的合理开发。由于实验室X射线在不同研究学科中的广泛应用，现代X射线衍射仪现在的设计允许测量更广泛的样品形式，包括对波特兰大都市区学术研究工作至关重要的复杂材料。这些材料的关键结构特征比一根头发的宽度小几个数量级，正在优化用于医学成像剂、防护涂层组件或能量收集材料。使用要求的现代X射线衍射系统，授予博士学位的波特兰州立大学和授予学士学位的刘易斯与克拉克学院和里德学院的研究人员将利用他们的X射线方法学知识来进一步进行研究，同时培训不同的博士后、研究生、本科生和高中生。此外，利用所要求的仪器-S的灵活性，将开发新的X射线方法。该仪器对于这些机构(化学、物理和地质)的几个学术部门的研究人员也是至关重要的，它的共享存在将支持俄勒冈州纳米科学和微技术研究所下的重点研究工作，从而加强参与该组织的政府、学术和工业实验室之间的合作。

0923572GoforthPortland State U."This award is funded under the American Recovery and Reinvestment Act of 2009 (Public Law 111-5)."Technical Summary: Laboratory X-ray diffraction (XRD) techniques have long been used by researchers in diverse disciplines to reveal structural information, which can be correlated to chemical and physical properties to guide material and device design. However, traditional XRD techniques are limited in their ability to analyze modern systems, which frequently feature micro- and nano-scale thin-film and colloidal components. Such micro- and nano-structured materials are central to our research efforts in frontier areas of science, which include: the development of tailored nanoparticles for applications in medical imaging, art preservation, and electronics, as well as the optimization of battery, solar cell, or water-splitting materials for more efficient energy generation. Techniques such as grazing incidence XRD and small angle X-ray scattering (SAXS) are now available for the analysis of thin films and nanoparticles, and a modern X-ray diffractometer with both of these capabilities will benefit research and training at both Ph.D.- and B.A.-granting institutions, Portland State University (Ph.D.-granting), and Lewis & Clark and Reed Colleges, respectively. Additionally, the instrument will allow us to develop new X-ray methods, e.g., the determination of nanoparticle concentration from scattering data. The co-PIs at these three institutions have an existing mechanism for sharing instrumentation, resources, and scientific findings. The instrument is also critical for researchers in several academic departments at these institutions (Chemistry, Physics, and Geology), and its shared presence will support focused research efforts under the Oregon Nanoscience and Microtechnologies Institute (ONAMI), thus strengthening the collaboration amongst government, academic and industrial labs involved in this organization.Layman Summary: Analogous to the use of medical X-rays to assess human structural features and plan medical treatment, analytical laboratory X-rays are vital in determining structural information for solid samples, often leading to the rational development of improved devices and new materials. Because of the broad utility of laboratory X-rays in diverse research disciplines, modern X-ray diffractometers are now designed to allow the measurement of a wider range of sample forms, including the complex materials that are central to academic research efforts in the Portland metropolitan area. These materials, with critical structural features orders of magnitude smaller than the width of a single human hair, are being optimized for use as medical imaging agents, protective coating components, or energy harvesting materials. Using the requested modern X-ray diffraction system, researchers at Ph.D.-granting Portland State University and at B.A.-granting Lewis & Clark and Reed Colleges will employ their knowledge of X-ray methodology to further ongoing research while simultaneously training a diverse population of post-doctoral, graduate, undergraduate and high school students. Additionally, taking advantage of the requested instrument?s flexibility, new X-ray methods will be developed. The instrument is also critical for researchers in several academic departments at these institutions (Chemistry, Physics, and Geology), and its shared presence will support focused research efforts under the Oregon Nanoscience and Microtechnologies Institute, thus strengthening the collaboration of government, academic and industrial labs involved in this organization.