Doctoral Dissertation Research: Linguistic and Orientalist Research in Late Nineteenth-Century Germany

博士论文研究：十九世纪末德国的语言学和东方学研究

• 批准号: 0924192
• 负责人: Lynn Nyhart
• 金额: $ 1.47万
• 依托单位: University of Wisconsin-Madison
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 项目类别: Standard Grant
• 财政年份: 2009
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2009-08-15 至 2010-07-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=0924192&HistoricalAwards=false
• 关键词: Doctoral; Dissertation; Research; Linguistic; Orientalist

This dissertation research will investigate the relationship between language sciences and Oriental studies in Germany from 1875 to 1900. Based on the observation that this period witnessed a methodological shift from ancient, often textual, evidence of language history to contemporary spoken data, it asks: In what ways did researchers interested in Near Eastern languages claim their work was "scientific"?Methodologically, the project draws from the history of science, nineteenth-century German intellectual and political history, and the historiography of linguistics. It analyzes leading journals of comparative linguistics and German Oriental studies, such as the Zeitschrift für vergleichende Sprachforschung (Journal of Comparative Linguistic Research) and the Zeitschrift der Morgenländischen Gesellschaft (Journal of Oriental Society). It requires archival research in Halle (Saale), Leipzig, Berlin, and Göttingen involving the papers of linguists and their professional organizations. Based on an analysis of these sources, it will outline the institutional development of Sprachwissenschaft (Linguistics) and Orientalistik (Orientalism) in the last quarter of the nineteenth century. At its core, the project will carry out case studies of linguists who worked on the Iranian sub-family of Indo-European, notably, J. H. Hübschmann (1848-1908) and F. C. Andreas (1846-1930). This project poses fundamental questions about how boundaries of the scientific enterprise have been defined and controlled over time. In this period, German linguists actively debated the position of language study in relation to other fields. In particular, the "Neogrammarians" associated with the University of Leipzig claimed scientific status for their work by prioritizing method over the particularities of cultural and social history. The institutional and intellectual consequences of their work are essential to an understanding of "science" during this time of remarkable academic growth and self-conscious university modernization. Thus, this interdisciplinary project seeks to relate a context-specific understanding of science to later divisions between science and the humanities.

本论文的研究对象是1875 - 1900年间德国语言科学与东方研究的关系。根据观察，这一时期见证了从古代的，往往是文本，语言历史的证据，当代口语数据的方法论转变，它问：在什么方面有兴趣在近东语言的研究人员声称他们的工作是“科学的”？在方法论上，该项目借鉴了科学史，19世纪德国知识和政治史，以及语言学的史学。它分析了比较语言学和德国东方研究的主要期刊，如《比较语言学研究杂志》和《东方社会杂志》。它需要在哈雷（萨勒），莱比锡，柏林和哥廷根的档案研究，涉及语言学家及其专业组织的论文。基于对这些来源的分析，它将概述19世纪最后25年Sprachwissenschaft（语言学）和Orientalistik（东方主义）的制度发展。在其核心，该项目将进行案例研究的语言学家谁在伊朗亚族印欧语系，特别是，J。Hübschmann（1848 - 1908）和F. C.安德烈亚斯（1846 - 1930）。 这个项目提出了关于科学企业的边界如何随着时间的推移而被定义和控制的基本问题。在这一时期，德国语言学家们就语言研究相对于其他领域的地位进行了积极的辩论。特别是，与莱比锡大学有关的“新语法学家”通过优先考虑方法而不是文化和社会历史的特殊性来为他们的工作争取科学地位。他们的工作的制度和智力后果是必不可少的“科学”的理解在这个显着的学术增长和自觉的大学现代化的时间。因此，这个跨学科项目旨在将科学的特定背景理解与科学和人文科学之间的后期划分联系起来。