Full-Scale and Modeled Hurricane Wind Loads on Residential Structures

边界层风洞缩尺模型试验一直是制定规范规定的设计风荷载的主要工具。然而，人们对风洞方法复制飓风风环境和确定飓风中低层建筑物的峰值荷载的能力提出了质疑。这项研究将解决在飓风多发的沿海地区发展风险一致性施工实践方面的两个突出问题。首先，它将量化低层结构上极端风荷载的风洞模拟的精确度和精确度，其次，它将建立逼近的湍流飓风风场的适当表示。这两项工作都将利用在11个飓风季节现场收集的现有飓风风速和压力负荷数据库。四个风洞设施将独立产生规模模型房屋的负荷估计。结果将与在模型上测量的真实飓风风荷载数据进行比较？全尺寸对应物。风洞设施使用的上游湍流将与登陆飓风期间直接测量的湍流数据进行比较。因此，尺度效应、进场湍流和设施之间的变异性对极端风荷载估计的精确度和准确度的相对影响将被量化。这项研究将产生证据，以促进所需的专业共识，以验证或建议改变当前的试验性风荷载评估方法和规定性的风荷载实践。研究成果将改进用于减少生命和财产损失的科学方法，并促进符合准确风灾风险观点的沿海开发。通过风险一致的建设减少损失和风暴后恢复时间，缩短沿海企业的停机时间，改善易受飓风袭击的沿海地区的经济可持续性。工程专业的学生将参与这项研究，研究结果将被纳入风力工程课程。

Scale model tests in boundary layer wind tunnels have been the primary tool for the development of the design wind loads prescribed in codes. However, questions have been raised concerning the ability of wind tunnel methods to replicate the hurricane wind environment and to determine peak loads on low rise structures in hurricanes. This research will address two outstanding issues in the development of risk consistent construction practice in hurricane prone coastal regions. First it will quantify the precision and accuracy of wind tunnel modeling of extreme wind loads on low rise structures, and second it will develop the proper representation of the approaching turbulent hurricane wind field. Both efforts will utilize an existing hurricane wind velocity and pressure load database collected in-field during eleven hurricane seasons. Four wind tunnel facilities will independently produce estimates of loads on scale model houses. Results will be compared with real hurricane wind load data measured on the models? full scale counterpart. The upstream turbulence employed by the wind tunnel facilities will be compared with turbulence data directly measured during land falling hurricanes. Thus the relative influence of scaling effects, approach turbulence, and variability between facilities on the precision and accuracy of extreme wind load estimates will be quantified. The research will produce evidence to foster the professional consensus required to validate or suggest changes to current experimental wind load evaluation methods and prescriptive wind load practice. Research outcomes will improve the scientific methods used to mitigate loss of life and property and promote coastal development consistent with an accurate view of the wind damage risk. Reducing damage and post-storm recovery time via risk consistent construction results in shorter down time for coastal businesses, improving the economic sustainability of hurricane prone coastal regions. Engineering students will participate in the research, and findings will be incorporated into the wind engineering curriculum.