Hurricane Wind Load Monitoring for Coastal Infrastructure

在登陆飓风期间收集住宅屋顶上的全尺寸动态风压对于确定如何成本有效地减少飓风造成的损失是重要的。风洞技术已用于小比例模型的风压测量。这些压力需要与在实际大风事件中收集的真实的结构上的数据相关联。拟议的研究追求的手段，以准确地测量风荷载的住宅建筑屋顶在陆地下降的飓风。目前正在开发一个独立的便携式顶板压力监测系统。该项目的目标是最后完成传感器组装，进行受控实验，开发统计算法以验证收集的数据，并将托换技术扩展到风速数据收集。该研究将推进有关极端天气事件期间家庭所经历的风压的基本知识。一个明确的理解，这样的风荷载将有重大影响的方法，以减轻风灾的发展。从事该项目的学生将获得传感器技术以及结构和飓风工程方面的经验。拟议的研究将解决的表征和建模的动态风荷载的复杂形状的全尺寸住宅结构在陆地下降的飓风。在边界层风洞中进行的缩尺模型试验是根据ASCE 7风荷载规定推导适当设计风荷载的重要工具。人们对风洞模拟准确确定强风事件峰值载荷的能力提出了质疑，强调需要将风洞与全尺寸载荷进行比较。这是一个重要的问题，可以改变目前的知识风脆弱性的住宅建筑沿着整个飓风易发的美国海岸。一个独立的便携式屋顶压力监测系统已经开发出快速部署和收集的屋顶压力数据，在陆地下降的飓风。同一结构上的多个单元之间的数据收集是同步的，以量化空间相关性和总风荷载。在某些流动状态下，单个单元的物理轮廓可能会干扰正在测量的动态压力。这些场景将在受控实验室环境中通过实验确定，并开发后处理算法以评估应保留哪些部分传感器记录以供分析。为压力测量装置开发的托换技术将适用于与风速计接口，以确定地面飓风中横向长度尺度的特征。需要在现场进行拟议的全尺寸数据收集，以评估风荷载建模和规定的设计荷载。有了这些知识，就有可能为沿海基础设施的可持续性和未来发展制定一个风险一致的框架。

The collection of full-scale dynamic wind pressure on residential roofs during land falling hurricanes is important for determining how to cost effectively reduce damage in hurricanes. Wind tunnel technology has been used for wind pressure measurements on small scale models. These pressures need to be correlated with data collected on real structures in actual high wind events. The proposed research pursues the means to accurately measure wind loads on the roofs of residential buildings during land falling hurricanes. A self-contained portable roof pressure monitoring system is under development. The objectives of the project are to finalize the sensor assembly, to conduct controlled experiments, to develop statistical algorithms to validate the collected data, and to extend the underpinning technology to wind velocity data collection. The research will advance basic knowledge concerning the wind pressures experienced by homes during extreme weather events. A well-defined understanding of such wind loads will have major implications on the development of methods to mitigate wind damage. Students working on the project will gain experience in sensor technology, and in structural and hurricane engineering. The proposed research will address the characterization and modeling of dynamic wind loads on complex shaped full-scale residential structures during land falling hurricanes. Scale model tests in boundary layer wind tunnels have been an important tool for the derivation of appropriate design wind loads found in the ASCE 7 Wind Load Provisions. Questions have been raised concerning the ability of wind tunnel simulations to accurately determine peak loads from strong wind events, emphasizing the need to compare wind tunnel with full-scale loads. This is a significant issue that can alter the current knowledge of the wind vulnerability of residential construction along the entire hurricane prone U.S. coast. A self-contained portable roof pressure monitoring system has been developed for rapid deployment and collection of roof pressure data during land falling hurricanes. Data collection among multiple units on the same structure is synchronized to quantify spatial correlation and aggregate wind loads. The physical profile of the individual units may interfere with the dynamic pressure being measured in some flow regimes. These scenarios will be identified experimentally in a controlled laboratory environment, and post-processing algorithms developed to evaluate which portions of sensor records should be retained for analysis. The underpinning technology developed for the pressure measuring units will be adapted to interface with anemometers in order to characterize lateral length scales in ground-level hurricane winds. The proposed full-scale data collection in the field is needed to evaluate wind load modeling and prescriptive design loads. With this knowledge, a risk-consistent framework for the sustainability and future development of the coastal infrastructure will be possible.