Killer Seaweeds: Allelopathy against Fijian Corals

杀手海藻:对斐济珊瑚的化感作用

基本信息

  • 批准号:
    0929119
  • 负责人:
  • 金额:
    $ 120.5万
  • 依托单位:
  • 依托单位国家:
    美国
  • 项目类别:
    Standard Grant
  • 财政年份:
    2009
  • 资助国家:
    美国
  • 起止时间:
    2009-09-15 至 2014-08-31
  • 项目状态:
    已结题

项目摘要

Coral reefs are in dramatic global decline, with reefs commonly converting from species-rich and topographically-complex communities dominated by corals to species- poor and topographically-simplified communities dominated by seaweeds. These phase-shifts result in fundamental loss of ecosystem function. Despite debate about whether coral-to-algal transitions are commonly a primary cause, or simply a consequence, of coral mortality, rigorous field investigation of seaweed-coral competition has received limited attention. There is limited information on how the outcome of seaweed-coral competition varies among species or the relative importance of different competitive mechanisms in facilitating seaweed dominance. In an effort to address this topic, the PI will conduct field experiments in the tropical South Pacific (Fiji) to determine the effects of seaweeds on corals when in direct contact, which seaweeds are most damaging to corals, the role allelopathic lipids that are transferred via contact in producing these effects, the identity and surface concentrations of these metabolites, and the dynamic nature of seaweed metabolite production and coral response following contact. The herbivorous fishes most responsible for controlling allelopathic seaweeds will be identified, the roles of seaweed metabolites in allelopathy vs herbivore deterrence will be studied, and the potential for better managing and conserving critical reef herbivores so as to slow or reverse conversion of coral reef to seaweed meadows will be examined. Preliminary results indicate that seaweeds may commonly damage corals via lipid- soluble allelochemicals. Such chemically-mediated interactions could kill or damage adult corals and produce the suppression of coral fecundity and recruitment noted by previous investigators and could precipitate positive feedback mechanisms making reef recovery increasingly unlikely as seaweed abundance increases. Chemically-mediated seaweed-coral competition may play a critical role in the degradation of present-day coral reefs. Increasing information on which seaweeds are most aggressive to corals and which herbivores best limit these seaweeds may prove useful in better managing reefs to facilitate resilience and possible recovery despite threats of global-scale stresses. Fiji is well positioned to rapidly use findings from this project for better management of reef resources because it has already erected 260 MPAs, Fijian villagers have already bought-in to the value of MPAs, and the Fiji Locally-Managed Marine Area (FLMMA) Network is well organized to get information to villagers in a culturally sensitive and useful manner. The broader impacts of this project are far reaching. The project provides training opportunities for 2-2.5 Ph.D students and 1 undergraduate student each year in the interdisciplinary areas of marine ecology, marine conservation, and marine chemical ecology. Findings from this project will be immediately integrated into classes at Ga Tech and made available throughout Fiji via a foundation and web site that have already set-up to support marine conservation efforts in Fiji and marine education efforts both within Fiji and internationally. Business and community leaders from Atlanta (via Rotary International Service efforts) have been recruited to help organize and fund community service and outreach projects in Fiji -- several of which are likely to involve marine conservation and education based in part on these efforts there. Media outlets (National Geographic, NPR, Animal Planet, Audubon Magazine, etc.) and local Rotary clubs will be used to better disseminate these discoveries to the public.
珊瑚礁在全球范围内急剧减少,珊瑚礁通常从以珊瑚为主的物种丰富和地形复杂的群落转变为以海藻为主的物种贫乏和地形简单的群落。 这些阶段性变化导致生态系统功能的根本丧失。 尽管关于珊瑚到藻类的转变是否通常是珊瑚死亡的主要原因或仅仅是后果的争论,但对海藻珊瑚竞争的严格实地调查受到的关注有限。 关于海藻-珊瑚竞争的结果如何因物种而异或不同竞争机制在促进海藻优势方面的相对重要性的信息有限。 为了解决这个问题,PI将在热带南太平洋(斐济)进行实地实验,以确定海藻直接接触时对珊瑚的影响,哪些海藻对珊瑚的破坏最大,通过接触转移的化感脂质在产生这些影响中的作用,这些代谢物的身份和表面浓度,以及接触后海藻代谢物产生和珊瑚反应的动态性质。将确定对控制化感海藻最负责任的食草鱼类,将研究海藻代谢物在化感作用与食草动物威慑中的作用,并研究更好地管理和保护关键珊瑚礁食草动物的潜力,以减缓或扭转珊瑚礁向海藻草地的转变。初步结果表明,海藻通常可能通过脂溶性化感物质损害珊瑚。 这种化学介导的相互作用可能会杀死或损害成年珊瑚,并产生抑制珊瑚繁殖力和招聘以前的调查人员指出,并可能沉淀积极的反馈机制,使珊瑚礁恢复越来越不可能海藻丰富的增加。 化学介导的海藻珊瑚竞争可能在当今珊瑚礁的退化中发挥关键作用。 增加关于哪些海藻对珊瑚最具侵略性以及哪些食草动物最能限制这些海藻的信息,可能有助于更好地管理珊瑚礁,以促进复原力和可能的恢复,尽管存在全球范围的压力威胁。 斐济完全有能力迅速利用该项目的调查结果,更好地管理珊瑚礁资源,因为它已经建立了260个海洋保护区,斐济村民已经接受了海洋保护区的价值,斐济地方管理海洋区域网络组织良好,可以以文化敏感和有用的方式向村民提供信息。 这个项目的广泛影响是深远的。 该项目每年为2-2.5名博士生和1名本科生提供海洋生态学,海洋保护和海洋化学生态学跨学科领域的培训机会。 该项目的研究结果将立即纳入Ga Tech的课程,并通过已经建立的基金会和网站在整个斐济提供,以支持斐济的海洋保护工作以及斐济和国际上的海洋教育工作。 已(通过扶轮国际服务社的努力)征聘亚特兰大的商业和社区领导人,帮助组织和资助斐济的社区服务和推广项目,其中有几个项目可能涉及海洋养护和教育,部分是在斐济的这些努力的基础上进行的。 媒体渠道(国家地理、NPR、动物星球、奥杜邦杂志等)而当地的扶轮社将被用来更好地向公众传播这些发现。

项目成果

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Mark Hay其他文献

Mark Hay的其他文献

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{{ truncateString('Mark Hay', 18)}}的其他基金

Positive Effects of Coral Biodiversity on Coral Performance: Patterns, Processes, and Dynamics
珊瑚生物多样性对珊瑚表现的积极影响:模式、过程和动态
  • 批准号:
    1947522
  • 财政年份:
    2020
  • 资助金额:
    $ 120.5万
  • 项目类别:
    Standard Grant
IGERT: Signals in the Sea
IGERT:海洋中的信号
  • 批准号:
    0114400
  • 财政年份:
    2001
  • 资助金额:
    $ 120.5万
  • 项目类别:
    Continuing Grant
Quantitative Aspects of Prey Chemical Defenses
猎物化学防御的定量方面
  • 批准号:
    9996306
  • 财政年份:
    1999
  • 资助金额:
    $ 120.5万
  • 项目类别:
    Continuing Grant
Quantitative Aspects of Prey Chemical Defenses
猎物化学防御的定量方面
  • 批准号:
    9529784
  • 财政年份:
    1996
  • 资助金额:
    $ 120.5万
  • 项目类别:
    Continuing Grant
Collaborative Research: Herbivory on Freshwater Macrophytes: Quantifying Plant Damage and Mechanisms of Plant Resistance
合作研究:淡水大型植物的食草:量化植物损害和植物抗性机制
  • 批准号:
    9410336
  • 财政年份:
    1994
  • 资助金额:
    $ 120.5万
  • 项目类别:
    Continuing Grant
ABR-Quantitative Aspects of Prey Chemical Defenses
ABR-猎物化学防御的定量方面
  • 批准号:
    9202847
  • 财政年份:
    1992
  • 资助金额:
    $ 120.5万
  • 项目类别:
    Continuing Grant
REU: Quantitative Aspects of Seaweed Chemical Defense: Complex Interactions of Environment, Seaweed Chemistry and Resistance to Herbivory
REU:海藻化学防御的定量方面:环境、海藻化学和草食性抗性的复杂相互作用
  • 批准号:
    8911872
  • 财政年份:
    1990
  • 资助金额:
    $ 120.5万
  • 项目类别:
    Continuing Grant
The Ecology of Temperate Herbivorous Fishes
温带草食性鱼类的生态学
  • 批准号:
    8900131
  • 财政年份:
    1989
  • 资助金额:
    $ 120.5万
  • 项目类别:
    Continuing Grant
Herbivory by Temperate Marine Fishes and the Organization ofBenthic Seaweed Communities
温带海洋鱼类的草食性和底栖海藻群落的组织
  • 批准号:
    8608663
  • 财政年份:
    1987
  • 资助金额:
    $ 120.5万
  • 项目类别:
    Continuing Grant
(WORKSHOP) Integrating Marine Chenical Ecology and Bio- Technology
(WORKSHOP) 海洋化学生态学与生物技术的结合
  • 批准号:
    8613747
  • 财政年份:
    1986
  • 资助金额:
    $ 120.5万
  • 项目类别:
    Standard Grant

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Postdoctoral Fellowship: CREST-PRP: Exploring the Impact of Heat-Waves and Nutrients on Bloom-Forming and Habitat-Building Seaweeds Along the South Florida Coast
博士后奖学金:CREST-PRP:探索热浪和营养物质对南佛罗里达海岸海藻形成和栖息地建设的影响
  • 批准号:
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The role of microbes in driving productivity and carbon fixation in seaweeds
微生物在提高海藻生产力和碳固定方面的作用
  • 批准号:
    2329475
  • 财政年份:
    2024
  • 资助金额:
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Testing the potential of seaweeds and seagrasses to improve water quality
测试海藻和海草改善水质的潜力
  • 批准号:
    2867642
  • 财政年份:
    2023
  • 资助金额:
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  • 项目类别:
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PurSUiT: Discovery and characterization of mesophotic seaweeds in Hawaii: genomic adaptations to low light environments
追求:夏威夷中光海藻的发现和表征:基因组对弱光环境的适应
  • 批准号:
    2242142
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    2023
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利用海藻生物生产高价值化学品
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膳食海藻中抗 AD 功能性海洋植物甾醇及其来源研究
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    21K14799
  • 财政年份:
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合作研究:海藻中三溴甲烷的产生和活性氧对应激的反应
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Ecological subsidies and ecosystem function: the role of dislodged seaweeds in the energy flow between coastal habitats
生态补贴和生态系统功能:被驱逐的海藻在沿海生境之间能量流中的作用
  • 批准号:
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