Complex Hydridges of Lithium, Aluminum and Boron for Hydrogen Storage

用于储氢的锂、铝和硼复合水合物

• 批准号: 0933626
• 负责人: James Ritter
• 金额: $ 30万
• 依托单位: University South Carolina Research Foundation
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 项目类别: Continuing Grant
• 财政年份: 2009
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2009-09-01 至 2012-08-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=0933626&HistoricalAwards=false
• 关键词: Complex; Hydridges; Lithium; Aluminum; Boron

0933626RitterThe development of an on-board hydrogen storage system for automotive applications is a daunting challenge. Although there are many technical targets and design criteria that must be met, four of the most important ones are the system volume and weight, discharging and charging rates, thermal management associated with charging, and dormant system over-pressurization. It is common for many materials to release copious amounts of heat during charging. Unless a complicated heat exchanger system is integrated into the on-board filling operation, off-board refilling has to be used. It is also common for many materials to release hydrogen uncontrollably during dormant heating. To prevent hydrogen from being vented to the environment to circumvent over pressurization of the storage system during dormant heating either a complex on-board "hydrogen on demand" system is integrated into the on-board storage system or a material that only releases hydrogen at temperatures above some minimum level is needed. The PI and his team have discovered and are proposing to study and fully develop such materials. Intellectual Merit: Based on complex hydrides of Li, Al and/or B and various catalysts and dopants, reversibility of this new class of materials has been fostered in two ways: first, through the use of a novel Physiochemical Pathway Approach (PPA) and second, through the use of a simple Thermal Hydrogenation Approach (THA). These two transformative approaches developed by the PI and his team utilize either a liquid complexing agent or high temperature, in conjunction with one or more catalysts, and a hydrogen atmosphere to foster reversibility in novel Li, Al and/or B complex hydrides. The PI recently demonstrated the PPA with LiAlH4, which can now be rehydrogenated with reasonable rates at ambient temperature and low pressures of 3 to 60 bars. They also applied the THA successfully to the new class of Li, Al and B complex hydride materials that so far exhibit a reversible hydrogen storage capacity in the 6 to 9 wt% range, reasonable discharge and charge rates in the 300 to 400C range, and reasonable charge pressures of around 100 bars. As a key objective, it is proposed herein to elucidate the rich chemistry associated with Li, Al and/or B complex hydrides through both the PPA and THA to understand the structure-property-discharge-charge relationships that will allow for the design and control of material performance. Broader Impact: It is anticipated that the fundamental insight gained from this project will allow the PI and his team to develop new and better materials. In the end these new materials will constitute a new class of high capacity, high temperature, reversible hydrogen storage materials that have the potential to meet or exceed the design criteria being sought for automotive applications. Unique educational opportunities are also afforded to two PhD students. Through the PI's established interaction with the Separations Research Program at UT-Austin, these students will have an opportunity to interact with representatives from the top chemical and petrochemical companies in the world.

0933626 ritter车载储氢系统的开发是一项艰巨的挑战。虽然有许多技术目标和设计标准必须满足，但最重要的四个是系统体积和重量、放电和充电速率、与充电相关的热管理以及休眠系统过压。许多材料在充电过程中释放大量的热量是很常见的。除非将复杂的热交换器系统集成到船上灌装操作中，否则必须使用船外灌装。许多材料在休眠加热过程中不受控制地释放氢也是很常见的。为了防止氢气被排放到环境中，以避免在休眠加热期间储存系统的过度加压，要么将一个复杂的车载“随需应变”系统集成到车载存储系统中，要么需要一种只在高于最低温度时释放氢气的材料。PI和他的团队已经发现并计划研究和充分开发这种材料。智力优势：基于Li， Al和/或B的复杂氢化物以及各种催化剂和掺杂剂，这类新材料的可逆性通过两种方式培养：第一，通过使用新的物理化学途径方法（PPA），第二，通过使用简单的热加氢方法（THA）。PI和他的团队开发的这两种变革性方法利用液体络合剂或高温，结合一种或多种催化剂，以及氢气氛来促进新型Li， Al和/或B络合氢化物的可逆性。PI最近用LiAlH4演示了PPA，现在可以在环境温度和3到60巴的低压下以合理的速率再氢化。他们还成功地将THA应用于新型Li， Al和B复合氢化物材料，到目前为止，这些材料具有6%至9%范围内的可逆储氢容量，300至400℃范围内的合理放电和充电速率，以及约100 bar的合理充电压力。作为一个关键目标，本文建议通过PPA和THA来阐明与Li， Al和/或B络合物氢化物相关的丰富化学物质，以了解结构-性能-放电-电荷关系，从而允许设计和控制材料性能。更广泛的影响：预计从这个项目中获得的基本见解将允许PI和他的团队开发新的更好的材料。最终，这些新材料将构成一类新的高容量、高温、可逆储氢材料，有可能达到或超过汽车应用的设计标准。此外，还为两位博士生提供了独特的教育机会。通过PI与UT-Austin分离研究项目建立的互动，这些学生将有机会与世界顶级化学和石化公司的代表进行互动。