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Genetics of microspore embryogenesis and doubled haploid development in rapeseed (Brassica napus L.)

油菜小孢子胚胎发生和双单倍体发育的遗传学（Brassica napus L.）

基本信息

批准号：
194778444
负责人：
Privatdozent Dr. Wolfgang Ecke
金额：
--
依托单位：
Abteilung Zuchtmethodik der Pflanze
依托单位国家：
德国
项目类别：
Research Grants
财政年份：
2011
资助国家：
德国
起止时间：
2010-12-31 至 2019-12-31
项目状态：
已结题

来源：
https://gepris.dfg.de/gepris/projekt/194778444?language=en
关键词：
Genetics microspore embryogenesis doubled haploid

项目摘要

Today microspore embryogenesis and the doubled haploid lines developed by this process are of great importance in practical breeding but especially in basic re-search. On the other hand, not much is currently known about the molecular pro-cesses that occur in microspores during the induction of embryogenesis or about the genes that govern the embryogenic potential, that is the tendency of the microspores to form embryos. The embryogenic potential of the microspores is the main factor limiting microspore embryogenesis and varies widely between genotypes. In a DFG project a number of intervarietal substitution lines (ISLs) have been identified, which show an up to 40x higher embryogenic potential than the recurrent parent. ISL are produced by marker assisted selection in a recurring backcrossing of a donor and recurrent parent and carry only one or a few segments of the donor genome in the genetic background of the recurrent parent. ISLs are, therefore, genetically different from the recurrent parent only in a few well defined genomic regions. In the proposed project 4 selected ISLs shall be analysed in more detail. This includes a comparative analysis of transcriptional profiles during the induction of embryogenesis using MACE analyses and the identification of candidate genes that may be responsible for the enhanced embryogenic potential of the lines. The transcription profiles of the candi-date genes will then be verified by qRT-PCR analysis. In addition, from further back-crosses of the 4 lines, new ISLs shall be developed, which will carry only single (overlapping sub-) segments of the donor segments of the original lines. The new ISL will allow a fine mapping of the genetic factors responsible for the enhanced embryo-genic potential observed in the original lines. Finally, the transcripts from the MACE analyses and the donor segments of the new ISL will be mapped on the genomic sequences of the A and C genomes of rapeseed to allow an integration of the results from the genetic and transcriptional studies.

小孢子胚胎发生及其培育的双单倍体品系在育种实践中特别是在基础研究中具有重要意义。另一方面，目前对小孢子胚胎发生诱导过程中发生的分子过程或控制胚胎发生潜力的基因，即小孢子形成胚胎的倾向，知之甚少。小孢子的胚性是限制小孢子胚胎发生的主要因素，不同基因型之间差异很大。在DFG项目中，已经鉴定了许多品种间代换系（ISL），其显示出比轮回亲本高40倍的胚胎发生潜力。ISL通过供体和轮回亲本的反复回交中的标记辅助选择产生，并且在轮回亲本的遗传背景中仅携带供体基因组的一个或几个区段。因此，ISL仅在少数明确定义的基因组区域中与轮回亲本在遗传上不同。在拟议的项目中，将对4个选定的独立空间L进行更详细的分析。这包括在胚胎发生诱导过程中使用MACE分析的转录谱的比较分析和候选基因的鉴定，可能是负责增强的胚胎发生潜力的线。然后通过qRT-PCR分析验证候选基因的转录谱。此外，从4个品系的进一步回交，应开发新的ISL，其将仅携带原始品系的供体区段的单个（重叠子）区段。新的ISL将允许一个精细的映射的遗传因素负责增强胚胎发生的潜力，在原来的线。最后，来自MACE分析的转录物和新ISL的供体片段将被映射到油菜籽的A和C基因组的基因组序列上，以允许整合来自遗传和转录研究的结果。