Kollektive Bewegung von zusammenhängenden Zellen

连接细胞的集体运动

• 批准号: 195142051
• 负责人: Professorin Dr. Karen Alim
• 金额: --
• 依托单位: Department of Physics
• 依托单位国家: 德国
• 项目类别: Research Fellowships
• 财政年份: 2011
• 资助国家: 德国
• 起止时间: 2010-12-31 至 无数据
• 项目状态: 未结题
• 来源: https://gepris.dfg.de/gepris/projekt/195142051?language=en
• 关键词: Kollektive; Bewegung; von; zusammenh; ngenden

The prime body tissues, epithelia, consist of layers of physically adherent cells. The adhesion couples the motion of cells within these cohesive structures giving rise to a collective motion, where cells retain their neighbors exhibiting sliding only on long time scales. This collective motion lies at the heart of growth and arrangement of epithelial tissues during morphogenesis, their healing after lesion and the invasion of cancerous cells into their midst. Also microbial cells form cohesive sheets within biofilms. As biofilms are a common source of infections an understanding of the collective motion of cells governing biofilm growth is pivotal to prevent spreading of biofilms. The goal of this research program is to develop a theoretical description of the collective motion of cohesive cells to enable a direct connection between cell mechanical properties and the dynamic behavior of cells within tissues. First tissue spreading due to collective cell motion is investigated, followed by a description of collective motion triggered by cell proliferation as it arises in bulk tissue and bacterial biofilms. Employing both computer simulations and mathematical modeling the morphology of collectively moving cells and explicit scenarios during development and tumor invasion are studied. Throughout the project mathematical models and experimental data will be compared and evaluated. The results are relevant to understand how mechanical perturbations can trigger a wound healing response, how tumor cells can invade a cohesive tissue and how cell mechanical and dynamical properties determine the morphogenesis of tissues. Concerning the limits of pharmacological reagents to fight bacterial infections the results of this program might help to invent new mechanical methods to remove or destroy biofilms in critical settings.

原始的身体组织，上皮细胞，由物理粘附的细胞层组成。粘附耦合这些内聚结构内的细胞的运动，从而产生集体运动，其中细胞保留它们的邻居，仅在长时间尺度上表现出滑动。这种集体运动是上皮组织在形态发生过程中生长和排列的核心，是损伤后愈合和癌细胞侵入上皮组织的核心。此外，微生物细胞在生物膜内形成粘性片。由于生物膜是感染的常见来源，因此了解控制生物膜生长的细胞的集体运动对于防止生物膜扩散至关重要。该研究计划的目标是开发粘性细胞集体运动的理论描述，以实现细胞力学特性与组织内细胞动态行为之间的直接联系。首先，由于集体细胞运动的组织传播进行了研究，随后由集体运动的描述所引发的细胞增殖，因为它出现在散装组织和细菌生物膜。采用计算机模拟和数学建模的形态学集体运动的细胞和明确的情况下，在发展和肿瘤的侵袭进行了研究。在整个项目中，数学模型和实验数据将进行比较和评估。这些结果有助于理解机械扰动如何触发伤口愈合反应，肿瘤细胞如何侵入粘性组织以及细胞的机械和动力学特性如何决定组织的形态发生。关于药物试剂对抗细菌感染的局限性，该计划的结果可能有助于发明新的机械方法来去除或破坏关键环境中的生物膜。