Doctoral Dissertation Improvement Grant: Mechanics of Empire and Integration -- the Role of Small-scale Inca Installations in the Colesuyo Region of Southern Peru

博士论文改进补助金：帝国与一体化的机制——秘鲁南部科莱苏约地区小型印加设施的作用

• 批准号: 0950385
• 负责人: Patrick Williams
• 金额: $ 2万
• 依托单位: Field Museum of Natural History
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 项目类别: Standard Grant
• 财政年份: 2010
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2010-02-01 至 2012-01-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=0950385&HistoricalAwards=false
• 关键词: Doctoral; Dissertation; Improvement; Grant; Mechanics

Under the direction of Dr. Patrick Ryan Williams, Sofia Chacaltana will explore how local economies were transformed under Inca imperial rule of the Colesuyo region in Southern Peru. Ms Chacaltana will excavate the coastal archaeological site of Tacahuay that has evidence of Inca architecture and appears to be an Inca way station (tambo). Tambos were installations systematically built along the main and secondary roads of the empire. She will also excavate in houses around the way station to see how the Inca presence affected the local population. Data gathered from this excavation will be compared with the Inca site of Camata Tambo, an Inca waystation and adjacent local peoples' houses located in the highlands of the Colesuyo territory. Excavations will focus on imperial central storage systems and nearby houses to better understand the political and economic interests of the empire in the region.Despite what is known about Inca imperial strategies of integration, little is understood about the way the empire impacted local communities and regional interactions. Ms Chacaltana will conduct small-scale excavations in the Tacahuay Inca storage structures, and in four houses from Tacahuay Pueblo to detect the types and quantities of products kept in these state-controlled and locally controlled spaces. This information will help to understand the way local consumption and local storing technologies changed from the pre-Inca to Inca period. In addition, this investigation contributes to understanding how imperial actions impact local interests, resources, and political and economic demands, a priority in today's global economy. Based on archaeological and historical data from Colesuyo, three models will be tested to observe the imperial impact in local communities of this region. Ms Chacaltana will analyze plant and animal remains as well as chemical composition of ceramic fragments to observe local and regional exchange of goods during the Inca period. Preliminary investigations conducted at Camata Tambo storehouses and nearby agricultural facilities - located in the upper Moquegua Valley - showed that these imperial storage systems kept goods from different ecological zones of Colesuyo and more distance regions. It also showed an intensification of maize production and a growing storage preference for potatoes. By focusing on storage patterns in two small-scale Inca installations (tambos), this project will observe imperial variability in two ecological settings of the Andes. Several lab methodologies and lines of data will be used to observe how imperial presence in a region is the dynamic result of both imperial and local interests.The broader impact of this research rests on the fact that it creates a multi-national research cooperation that will contribute to strengthen the relationships between US and Peruvian investigators. MsChacaltana works with the Contisuyo Program, an international archaeological research institution located in the city of Moquegua, of which she is an active member. The Contisuyo Program has a strong commitment to public outreach and local education. Finally, Ms Chacaltana will closely work with local governments to help create awareness of the importance of pre-Hispanic site management and cultural heritage.

在 Patrick Ryan Williams 博士的指导下，Sofia Chacaltana 将探索秘鲁南部 Colesuyo 地区印加帝国统治下当地经济如何转型。查卡尔塔纳女士将挖掘塔卡瓦伊 (Tacahuay) 沿海考古遗址，该遗址有印加建筑的证据，似乎是一个印加中转站 (tambo)。坦博斯是沿着帝国的主要和次要道路系统建造的设施。 她还将在中转站周围的房屋中进行挖掘，以了解印加人的存在如何影响当地居民。此次发掘收​​集的数据将与卡马塔·坦博（Camata Tambo）印加遗址、印加中转站以及位于科莱苏约地区高地的邻近当地人房屋进行比较。发掘工作将集中于帝国中央存储系统和附近的房屋，以更好地了解帝国在该地区的政治和经济利益。尽管人们对印加帝国的一体化战略有所了解，但人们对帝国影响当地社区和区域互动的方式知之甚少。查卡尔塔纳女士将在塔卡韦印加仓库和塔卡韦普韦布洛的四栋房屋中进行小规模挖掘，以检测这些国家控制和地方控制空间中保存的产品的类型和数量。这些信息将有助于了解从前印加时期到印加时期当地消费和当地存储技术的变化方式。此外，这项调查有助于了解帝国行为如何影响当地利益、资源以及政治和经济需求，这是当今全球经济的一个优先事项。根据 Colesuyo 的考古和历史数据，将测试三个模型，以观察帝国对该地区当地社区的影响。查卡尔塔纳女士将分析植物和动物遗骸以及陶瓷碎片的化学成分，以观察印加时期当地和区域的商品交换。对位于莫克瓜谷上游的卡马塔·坦博仓库和附近农业设施进行的初步调查表明，这些皇家存储系统保存了来自科莱苏约不同生态区和更远地区的货物。它还表明玉米生产的集约化和对马铃薯储存偏好的增加。通过关注两个小型印加设施（tambos）的存储模式，该项目将观察安第斯山脉两个生态环境中帝国的变化。将使用几种实验室方法和数据线来观察帝国在一个地区的存在如何是帝国和地方利益的动态结果。这项研究的更广泛影响在于它创建了一个跨国研究合作，这将有助于加强美国和秘鲁调查人员之间的关系。 Chacaltana 女士与位于莫克瓜市的国际考古研究机构 Contisuyo 项目合作，她是该机构的活跃成员。 Contisuyo 计划坚定地致力于公众宣传和当地教育。最后，查卡尔塔纳女士将与地方政府密切合作，帮助提高人们对前西班牙遗址管理和文化遗产重要性的认识。