CAREER: A COMPARATIVE STUDY OF EXTRINSIC AND INTRINSIC ISOLATION IN KILLIFISH - USING STUDIES OF SPECIATION TO DEVELOP RESOURCES FOR TEACHING SPECIATION

职业生涯：鳉鱼外部和内部隔离的比较研究 - 利用物种研究开发物种教学资源

基本信息

批准号：
0953716
负责人：
Rebecca Fuller
金额：
$ 85.9万
依托单位：
University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign
依托单位国家：
美国
项目类别：
Continuing Grant
财政年份：
2010
资助国家：
美国
起止时间：
2010-04-15 至 2017-09-30
项目状态：
已结题

来源：
https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=0953716&HistoricalAwards=false
关键词：
CAREER COMPARATIVE STUDY EXTRINSIC INTRINSIC

项目摘要

Because closely related species often differ in habitat, ecological differences could be important in speciation. The two possible mechanisms of ecological speciation are called extrinsic and intrinsic isolation. Extrinsic isolation occurs when hybrids that are intermediate in form cannot find appropriate habitat. Intrinsic isolation occurs when hybrids have reduced fitness regardless of habitat, that is, the problem has to do with internal factors such as hybrid physiology. The challenge is to determine which kind of isolation arose first and their relative contributions to allowing populations to continue towards being distinct species. For most animals, speciation takes too long to observe directly, but some can be caught in the process of speciation. Such species are ideal for making inferences about the order and magnitude of extrinsic and intrinsic isolation because populations can be studied at various stages of divergence, from recently diverged to completely unable to hybridize. This project focuses on ecological speciation among populations of killifish, which are ideal for studying ecological speciation because populations have diverged across a gradient from freshwater to saltwater multiple times. The PI will measure extrinsic and intrinsic isolation between freshwater and saltwater populations and compare the results with those from populations that are found in similar salinities. Teachers and biology education majors are incorporated into nearly all the proposed activities; they will conduct research and develop curriculum materials. The goal of the PI is to provide a thorough understanding of speciation through participation in research. A yearly seminar event will be held on teaching evolution to create an ongoing discussion between educators and scientists. Finally, a summer workshop will be held to educate local teachers about evolution and disseminate the curriculum materials developed through this project.

由于栖息地通常有密切相关的物种差异，因此生态差异在物种形成中可能很重要。生态物种形成的两种可能机制称为外部和内在分离。当中间形式的杂种找不到适当的栖息地时，就会发生外部隔离。当杂种降低适应性时，无论栖息地如何，就会发生固有的隔离，也就是说，问题与诸如杂交生理学之类的内部因素有关。挑战是确定首先出现了哪种隔离，以及它们对允许种群继续成为不同物种的相对贡献。对于大多数动物而言，物种形成需要太长时间直接观察，但是有些物种可以在物种形成过程中捕获。此类物种是推断外在和内在分离的顺序和幅度的理想选择，因为可以在分歧的各个阶段研究种群，从最近的差异到完全无法杂交。该项目的重点是Killifish人群之间的生态形成，这是研究生态物种形成的理想选择，因为种群多次从淡水到盐水的梯度各不相差。 PI将测量淡水和盐水种群之间的外在和内在分离，并将结果与类似盐度的人群的结果进行比较。教师和生物学教育专业的专业几乎纳入了所有拟议的活动中；他们将进行研究并开发课程材料。 PI的目的是通过参与研究来彻底了解物种。年度研讨会将在教学演化上举行，以在教育工作者和科学家之间进行持续的讨论。最后，将举行一个夏季研讨会，以教育当地教师有关进化的知识，并传播通过该项目开发的课程材料。