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CAREER: A COMPARATIVE STUDY OF EXTRINSIC AND INTRINSIC ISOLATION IN KILLIFISH - USING STUDIES OF SPECIATION TO DEVELOP RESOURCES FOR TEACHING SPECIATION

职业生涯：鳉鱼外部和内部隔离的比较研究 - 利用物种研究开发物种教学资源

基本信息

批准号：
0953716
负责人：
Rebecca Fuller
金额：
$ 85.9万
依托单位：
University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign
依托单位国家：
美国
项目类别：
Continuing Grant
财政年份：
2010
资助国家：
美国
起止时间：
2010-04-15 至 2017-09-30
项目状态：
已结题

来源：
https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=0953716&HistoricalAwards=false
关键词：
CAREER COMPARATIVE STUDY EXTRINSIC INTRINSIC

项目摘要

Because closely related species often differ in habitat, ecological differences could be important in speciation. The two possible mechanisms of ecological speciation are called extrinsic and intrinsic isolation. Extrinsic isolation occurs when hybrids that are intermediate in form cannot find appropriate habitat. Intrinsic isolation occurs when hybrids have reduced fitness regardless of habitat, that is, the problem has to do with internal factors such as hybrid physiology. The challenge is to determine which kind of isolation arose first and their relative contributions to allowing populations to continue towards being distinct species. For most animals, speciation takes too long to observe directly, but some can be caught in the process of speciation. Such species are ideal for making inferences about the order and magnitude of extrinsic and intrinsic isolation because populations can be studied at various stages of divergence, from recently diverged to completely unable to hybridize. This project focuses on ecological speciation among populations of killifish, which are ideal for studying ecological speciation because populations have diverged across a gradient from freshwater to saltwater multiple times. The PI will measure extrinsic and intrinsic isolation between freshwater and saltwater populations and compare the results with those from populations that are found in similar salinities. Teachers and biology education majors are incorporated into nearly all the proposed activities; they will conduct research and develop curriculum materials. The goal of the PI is to provide a thorough understanding of speciation through participation in research. A yearly seminar event will be held on teaching evolution to create an ongoing discussion between educators and scientists. Finally, a summer workshop will be held to educate local teachers about evolution and disseminate the curriculum materials developed through this project.

由于密切相关的物种往往在栖息地不同，生态差异可能是重要的物种形成。生态物种形成的两种可能机制被称为外在隔离和内在隔离。外在的隔离发生在中间形态的杂种找不到合适的栖息地时。内在隔离发生在杂交种无论栖息地如何都降低了适合度时，也就是说，问题与内部因素有关，例如杂交生理学。目前的挑战是确定哪种隔离首先出现，以及它们对种群继续成为独特物种的相对贡献。对于大多数动物来说，物种形成需要太长的时间来直接观察，但有些动物可以在物种形成过程中被捕获。这样的物种是理想的，使外部和内部隔离的顺序和幅度的推断，因为人口可以在不同阶段的分歧，从最近分歧完全不能杂交进行研究。该项目的重点是鱼种群之间的生态物种形成，这是研究生态物种形成的理想选择，因为种群已经多次从淡水到盐水的梯度中分化。 PI将测量淡水和盐水种群之间的外在和内在隔离，并将结果与在相似盐度下发现的种群进行比较。教师和生物教育专业的学生被纳入几乎所有拟议的活动;他们将进行研究和开发课程材料。 PI的目标是通过参与研究提供对物种形成的透彻理解。每年将举行一次关于进化论教学的研讨会，以便在教育工作者和科学家之间进行持续的讨论。最后，将举办一个夏季讲习班，对当地教师进行进化论教育，并传播通过该项目编制的课程材料。