EAGER - New Material Paradigms for Biorefinery Separations

EAGER - 生物精炼分离的新材料范式

• 批准号: 0957943
• 负责人: Daniel Shantz
• 金额: $ 10.67万
• 依托单位: Texas A&M Engineering Experiment Station
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 项目类别: Standard Grant
• 财政年份: 2010
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2010-04-01 至 2012-03-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=0957943&HistoricalAwards=false
• 关键词: EAGER; New; Material; Paradigms; Biorefinery

The generation of alternative fuels, particularly from non-edible feedstocks such as cellulose has become a topic of great national interest in recent years. The focus of this effort has been primarily on conversion of cellulose to useful products or intermediates. However, for the biorefinery concept to achieve its full potential it will be essential for new separation paradigms/processes to emerge. Decomposition of cellulose typically leads to a complex mixture of highly oxygenated compounds that are not thermally stable and quite hydrophilic. The PI hypothesizes that organic-inorganic nanocomposite membranes offer one route to achieve these separations. To test this hypothesis the PI will explore key separations that will facilitate processing/conversion of cellulose into usable chemical feedstocks: 1. Selective separation of low molecular weight components (e.g. pentoses/hexoses) from residual solids formed in cellulose hydrolysis via microfiltration. 2. Separations of low molecular weight (e.g. acetic acid) components from model bio-oils obtained from pyrolysis. Separations of bio-oils and cellulose hydrolysis mixtures have been sparingly studied, yet these types of separations are essential to advancing towards the goal of a biorefinery to reduce the nation's dependency on oil.

近年来，替代燃料的产生，特别是从非食用原料如纤维素产生替代燃料，已成为国家极大兴趣的话题。这项工作的重点主要是将纤维素转化为有用的产品或中间体。然而，为了使生物精炼概念充分发挥其潜力，新的分离范式/工艺的出现至关重要。纤维素的分解通常导致高度氧化的化合物的复杂混合物，其不是热稳定的并且非常亲水。PI假设有机-无机纳米复合膜提供了实现这些分离的一种途径。为了验证这一假设，PI将探索有助于将纤维素加工/转化为可用化学原料的关键分离：1.通过微滤从纤维素水解中形成的残余固体中选择性分离低分子量组分（例如戊糖/己糖）。2.从热解获得的模型生物油中分离低分子量（例如乙酸）组分。生物油和纤维素水解混合物的分离已经很少研究，但这些类型的分离对于推进生物精炼以减少国家对石油的依赖的目标是必不可少的。