Collaborative Research on the Emergence of Social Order in Task Groups

SES-0956796 Shane R.南卡罗来纳大学SES-0957982爱德华J.劳勒康奈尔大学这个项目调查为什么协作可能不会发生在小组成员之间，即使协作的条件是存在的，如共同的利益和共同的身份。研究人员认为，人们与群体的情感联系是至关重要的，这些联系是从共同解决任务中发展起来的，这些任务给人们一种共同的责任感。他们假设，在合作的群体环境中，具有共同兴趣和共同身份的人只有参与联合任务并赋予他们共同责任感时，才会发展情感性的群体关系。当这种情况发生时，人们更愿意为集体利益采取行动。该假设在两个实验室实验中进行了测试，该实验将围绕任务的联合收割机交互（联合性低或高）与（a）共同兴趣（实验1）或（B）共同身份（实验2）相结合。在实验中，四人一组参与涉及众所周知的生存场景的个人和联合任务，例如“月球上迷路”，参与者对几个项目的重要性进行排名。 更广泛的影响：该项目处理一个重要和普遍的问题，即如何建立和维持社会秩序（合作、协作等）。鉴于全球化和相关的经济和政治变化，这一问题在当代世界具有新的重要性。人们在更远的距离与更多的人互动，所有这些都使群体关系作为协作与合作的来源变得更加重要。这项研究开发了一种产生和维持这种联系的方法，从而促进个人为团体或集体利益做出牺牲。它对如何跨越或弥合社会鸿沟以建立新的群体关系具有广泛的影响。

SES- 0956796Shane R. ThyeUniversity of South CarolinaSES-0957982Edward J. LawlerCornell UniversityThis project investigates why collaboration may not occur among group members even when the conditions for collaboration are present such as common interests and shared identities. The investigators contend that affective ties of people to the group are critical, and these develop from jointly solving tasks that give people a sense of shared responsibility. They hypothesize that in a cooperative group setting, people with common interests and common identities develop affective group ties only if they are involved in joint tasks that give them a sense of shared responsibility. When this occurs, people are more willing to act in the collective interests. The hypothesis is tested in two lab experiments that combine interactions around a task (low or high in jointness) with (a) common interests (experiment 1) or (b) common identities (experiment 2). In the experiment, groups of four people engage in individual and joint tasks that involve well-known survival scenarios, such as "lost on the moon," where participants rank the importance of several items to their survival. BROADER IMPACTS: The project addresses an important and pervasive problem, that is, how to create and sustain social order (cooperation, collaboration, etc.). The issue takes on new relevance in the contemporary world given globalization and associated economic and political changes. People interact with more people at greater distance, all of which make group ties even more important as a source of collaboration and cooperation. This research develops a way to produce and sustain such ties and, thereby, promote individual sacrifices for the group or collective benefit. It has broad implications for how social divides can be crossed or bridged to create new group affiliations.