Collaborative Research: MSB: Defining Plant-Associated Metagenomics

合作研究：MSB：定义植物相关宏基因组学

• 批准号: 0958245
• 负责人: Jeffery Dangl
• 金额: $ 249.02万
• 依托单位: University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 项目类别: Standard Grant
• 财政年份: 2010
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2010-04-15 至 2015-03-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=0958245&HistoricalAwards=false
• 关键词: Collaborative; Research; MSB; Defining; Plant

All land plants grow in association with complex microbial communities both on aboveground plant organs (called the phyllosphere) and below the ground on roots (called therhizosphere). The relationships between a microbiota (the community of microbesintimately associated with a plant) and its host can vary from pathogenic to symbiotic.The microbiome (the set of genes encoded by any particular microbiota) can performecosystem services by providing the host plant with critical nutrients, protection frompathogens, production of functional plant hormones, and provision of tolerance tostressors like heat. The plant, in turn, provides the microbiome with an improvedenvironment, including a complex array of energy sources released by deposition ofplant-based sugars into the soil. Decaying plant tissue and carbon-rich root exudatesredirect large amounts of fixed atmospheric carbon to the soil, making the rhizosphere alarge carbon sequestration zone, important in the balance of carbon in a changingenvironment. Site specific characteristics of climate and soil that influence the yield ofmaize and other crops and the productivity of any plant community rely in part on therespective rhizosphere microbiome. This research will ultimately lead to agriculturalpractices designed to increase plant health and productivity, carbon sequestration, anddisease resistance through the rational utilization of the probiotic capacity of soils andthe local environment. The project team is a collaborative interdisciplinary group fromUNC-Chapel Hill, Cornell and the DOE Joint Genome Institute. The experiments to becarried out will define the rhizosphere microbiota and associated microbiome using twoimportant model plant species: Arabidopsis thaliana, the premier model for rapiddiscovery in plant biology, and Zea mays, the premier model for genetic dissection ofcomplex traits in crops. Data generated by the project will be made freely available (http://www.bio.unc.edu/dangl/lab/projects/Metagenome_2-3-10.htm; http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/Genbank/), and will provide starting points for a variety of deeper studies into the complexities of host-microbe interactions. The project will provide training opportunities for undergraduates, doctoral students and post-doctoral fellows.

所有陆地植物都与复杂的微生物群落一起生长，既在地上植物器官上（称为叶圈），也在地下植物根上（称为根圈）。微生物群（与植物密切相关的微生物群落）与其宿主之间的关系可以从致病性到共生性变化。微生物群（由任何特定微生物群编码的基因组）可以通过为宿主植物提供关键营养、保护免受病原体侵害、产生功能性植物激素以及提供对热等应激源的耐受性来提供生态系统服务。反过来，植物为微生物组提供了改善的环境，包括通过将植物基糖沉积到土壤中而释放的一系列复杂的能量来源。腐烂的植物组织和富含碳的根系分泌物将大量固定的大气碳重定向到土壤中，使根际成为一个巨大的碳封存区，在不断变化的环境中对碳平衡至关重要。影响玉米和其他作物产量以及任何植物群落生产力的气候和土壤的特定特征部分依赖于各自的根际微生物组。这项研究将最终导致农业实践，旨在通过合理利用土壤和当地环境的益生菌能力来提高植物健康和生产力，碳封存和抗病能力。该项目小组是一个跨学科的合作小组，来自北卡罗来纳大学教堂山分校，康奈尔大学和美国能源部联合基因组研究所。即将进行的实验将使用两种重要的模式植物物种来定义根际微生物群和相关的微生物群：拟南芥，植物生物学快速发现的首要模型，以及玉米，作物复杂性状遗传解剖的首要模型。该项目产生的数据将免费提供（http：//www.bio.unc.edu/dangl/lab/projects/Metagenome_2-3-10.htm; http：//www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/Genbank/），并将为深入研究宿主-微生物相互作用的复杂性提供起点。该项目将为本科生、博士生和博士后研究员提供培训机会。