MRI-R2: Acquisition of a Mapping micro-XRF Spectrometer for Art and Cultural Heritage Materials Research and Education

MRI-R2：购买用于艺术和文化遗产材料研究和教育的测绘微型 XRF 光谱仪

• 批准号: 0958786
• 负责人: Karen Trentelman
• 金额: $ 13.73万
• 依托单位: The Getty Conservation Institution
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 项目类别: Standard Grant
• 财政年份: 2010
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2010-03-15 至 2012-02-29
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=0958786&HistoricalAwards=false
• 关键词: MRI; R2; Acquisition; Mapping; micro

0958786TrentelmanThe Getty Conservation InstitutionAcquisition of a Mapping micro-XRF Spectrometer for Art and Cultural Heritage Materials Research and EducationTechnical Summary: This award is funded under the American Recovery and Reinvestment Act of 2009 (Public Law 111-5). The scientific study of works of art and other cultural heritage materials offers insight into past cultures, provides a means to rediscover historic technologies, and improves our ability to preserve precious objects for future generations. Funds from this instrumentation grant will support the acquisition of a micro-X-ray fluorescence (XRF) spectrometer with high spatial resolution, line and area element mapping capabilities, and helium purging to enhance the detection of low-Z elements. Designed for the in situ examination of works of art, this instrument will complement and enhance existing analytical capabilities of the Getty Conservation Institute (GCI) Collections Research Laboratory for conducting research into the composition, structure, and behavior of the materials comprising works of art. Specifically, the addition of the proposed instrument will 1) expand the scope of works of art which can be studied to include inhomogeneous or finely detailed objects through the use of micro-focus X-ray optics; 2) assist in the discovery of fundamental phenomena relating to the historic production of materials through the enhanced detection of low-Z elements; and 3) open new areas of research through the generation of spatially resolved elemental information. The portability of the instrument will facilitate collaborative research between the GCI and other museums and cultural heritage institutions; in addition, collaboration with UCLA will provide education and training opportunities for post-doctoral fellows, interns, and graduate/undergraduate students. The fundamental research that this instrument will allow has the potential to impact the work of chemists and material scientists, as well as professionals in the related disciplines of art history, archaeology, and art conservation. Furthermore, the inclusion of results in museum gallery displays, exhibition publications and public lectures will serve to increase public awareness of - and interest in - science. Layman Summary: This award is funded under the American Recovery and Reinvestment Act of 2009 (Public Law 111-5). The preservation of works of art and other cultural heritage artifacts is important not only because of their intrinsic beauty and/or historical significance, but also because these objects contain material evidence about the people, societies, and technologies that created them. Scientific analysis can uncover this evidence, which may change how we understand, interpret and care for art. Because of the precious nature of these objects, removing samples from them for analysis is usually not permitted, and so non-invasive techniques are employed whenever possible. X-ray fluorescence (XRF) is one such non-invasive technique. Using a thin beam of X-rays to analyze a small area on a work of art, XRF can identify the individual elements present, from which, for example, the specific pigment used to color a paint may be deduced. XRF has been employed successfully for many years in the study of works of art, but until now its use has been limited to the examination of areas at least a quarter inch across. The proposed instrument - a mapping micro-XRF spectrometer - is the latest development in XRF technology. Capable of probing on a microscopic scale, this instrument is also able to raster the X-ray beam over a surface, generating maps showing the locations of each element. For example, the pigments used to paint individual features in the tiny faces frequently found in manuscript illuminations can be characterized using this instrument. These capabilities will significantly enhance the ability of scientists in the Getty Conservation Institute Collections Research Laboratory to contribute to an understanding of artist's materials and methods, and assist art conservators in developing preservation strategies. Furthermore, because the instrument is portable, it can be taken to local cultural heritage institutions and universities for research and the training of students. In addition, results generated using this instrument will be incorporated into museum gallery displays, exhibition publications and public lectures will demonstrate how science can increase our understanding, appreciation, and enjoyment of art.

0958786特伦特尔曼盖蒂保护研究所获得用于艺术和文化遗产材料研究和教育的测绘微型XRF光谱仪技术概述：该奖项是根据2009年《美国复苏和再投资法案》(公法111-5)资助的。对艺术品和其他文化遗产材料的科学研究提供了对过去文化的洞察，提供了重新发现历史技术的手段，并提高了我们为子孙后代保存珍贵文物的能力。这笔仪器赠款的资金将用于购置一台具有高空间分辨率、线和面元素测绘能力的微型X射线荧光(XRF)光谱仪以及氦净化，以加强对低Z元素的探测。该仪器专为艺术品的现场检查而设计，将补充和增强盖蒂保护研究所(GCI)收藏品研究实验室现有的分析能力，以对构成艺术品的材料的组成、结构和行为进行研究。具体地说，增加拟议的仪器将1)通过使用微焦点X射线光学扩大可研究的艺术品的范围，使之包括不均匀或精细的物体；2)通过加强对低Z元素的探测，协助发现与材料历史生产有关的基本现象；3)通过产生空间分辨的元素信息，开辟新的研究领域。该仪器的便携性将促进GCI与其他博物馆和文化遗产机构之间的合作研究；此外，与加州大学洛杉矶分校的合作将为博士后研究员、实习生和研究生/本科生提供教育和培训机会。该仪器将允许的基础研究有可能影响化学家和材料科学家的工作，以及艺术史、考古学和艺术保护等相关学科的专业人员的工作。此外，将成果纳入博物馆画廊展示、展览出版物和公开讲座将有助于提高公众对科学的认识和兴趣。外行人摘要：该奖项是根据2009年《美国复苏和再投资法案》(公法111-5)资助的。保护艺术品和其他文化遗产文物不仅因为它们的内在美和/或历史意义，而且因为这些文物包含关于创造它们的人、社会和技术的物质证据。科学分析可以揭示这一证据，这可能会改变我们理解、解释和关心艺术的方式。由于这些物体的珍贵性质，通常不允许从它们中取出样本进行分析，因此尽可能使用非侵入性技术。X射线荧光(XRF)就是这样一种非侵入性技术。使用一束细小的X射线分析艺术品上的一小块区域，XRF可以识别存在的个别元素，例如，可以从这些元素中推断出用于给油漆着色的特定颜料。XRF多年来一直被成功地用于艺术品的研究，但到目前为止，它的使用仅限于检查至少四分之一英寸宽的区域。所提出的仪器-测绘微型XRF光谱仪-是XRF技术的最新发展。这种仪器能够在微观尺度上进行探测，还能够对表面上的X射线束进行栅格处理，生成显示每种元素位置的地图。例如，用来在手稿照明中经常发现的微小面孔中绘制个别特征的颜料可以使用该仪器来表征。这些能力将显著提高盖蒂保护研究所藏品研究实验室的科学家的能力，帮助他们了解艺术家的材料和方法，并帮助艺术品保护人员制定保护策略。此外，由于仪器是便携的，可以带到当地的文化遗产机构和大学进行研究和学生培训。此外，使用该仪器产生的结果将被纳入博物馆画廊展示、展览出版物和公开讲座，将展示科学如何增加我们对艺术的理解、欣赏和享受。