Electronic, Magnetic, and Spectroscopic Properties of Molecular Solids

本研究涉及分子材料，这是一个新兴的重要领域。这些碳基材料通常被称为“有机”材料，正开始补充甚至取代铜、硅和其他一直是技术支柱的材料。研究问题和调查涉及电导率、磁性和超导性如何在分子材料中产生和表现，以及如何修改材料以开发理想的新特性。采用多种方法，包括高压、高磁场和低温环境，结合电、磁和光谱（光学、x射线、磁谐振）探头。该奖项主要支持研究生。他们的工作和培训是跨学科的，旨在为他们在竞争激烈的全球环境中解决问题做好准备。每个学生都与他们直接领域以外的科学家互动，包括化学家（他们提供许多材料）和工程师（他们有先进的表征方法和寻找应用相关的文化）。通过与国家实验室和nsf支持的国际项目的互动，学生接触到许多不同领域的材料研究，经常与世界级的专家合作。同样，学生在初中、高中、REU、RET、毕业论文和其他培训项目中都扮演着积极的导师角色。本奖项旨在研究各向异性（低维）材料中自旋、电荷和晶格自由度的性质和相互作用，这些材料通常被描述为有机导体或超导体、分子导体或磁体。该方法是实验性的，利用输运、结构、光谱、热力学、光学和共振探针。虽然这项工作在范围上是基础性的，但在分子水平上理解和控制电子电荷（导电）（通过自旋（磁性），反之亦然）是许多科学领域的重要目标。该项目的一个主要主题是同构材料的比较行为，其中只有一个晶格位置的局部d电子自旋，或者更一般地说，在一个分子链或平面上，可以通过化学合金化打开或关闭。要回答的问题包括：d电子自旋和pi电子自旋的磁性顺序是怎样的？它们是如何相互作用的？晶格在这些相互作用中的作用是什么？电荷和自旋可以由外部参数控制吗？分子材料的高度跨学科性质为攻读学位的年轻研究人员提供了广泛合作和国际经验的绝佳场所。这个主题有广泛的主题可供选择，提供了简单的台式项目，吸引了学位前水平的年轻研究人员到实验室测试和发展他们的科学兴趣和技能

Non-technical abstractThis research addresses molecular materials, an area of emerging importance. These materials, which are carbon based and often called "organic", are beginning to complement, or even replace materials such as copper, silicon, and others that have been the mainstay of technology. Research questions and investigations involve how electrical conductivity, magnetism, and superconductivity arise and behave in molecular materials, and how to modify the materials to exploit desirable new properties. Diverse methods are employed, including high pressure, high magnetic field, and low temperature environments, in conjunction with electrical, magnetic, and spectroscopic (optical, x-ray, magnetic resonant) probes. The award mainly supports graduate students. Their work and training is interdisciplinary, and designed to prepare them to solve problems in a competitive global environment. Each student interacts with scientists outside their immediate area, including chemists (who provide many materials) and engineers (who have advanced methods of characterization and the culture of finding relevance to applications). Through interactions with National Laboratories and NSF-supported international programs, students are exposed to many different areas of materials research, often collaborating with world-class experts. Likewise, students play active mentorship roles in middle school, high school, REU, RET, senior thesis, and other training programs.Technical abstractThis award addresses the nature and interaction of spin, charge and lattice degrees of freedom in anisotropic (low-dimensional) materials generally described as organic conductors or superconductors, molecular conductors or magnets. The approach is experimental, utilizing transport, structural, spectroscopic, thermodynamic, optical, and resonant probes. Although the work is fundamental in scope, the understanding and control of electronic charge (conduction) by spin (magnetism), and vice versa, on the molecular level is an important goal in many fields of science. A main theme of the project is the comparative behavior of isostructural materials where only the localized d-electron spin at one lattice site, or more generally, in one molecular chain or plane, can be turned on or off by chemical alloying. Questions to be answered include: How do the d-electron spins and the pi-electron spins order magnetically? How do they interact? What is the role of the lattice in these interactions? Can charge and spin be controlled by external parameters? The highly interdisciplinary nature of molecular materials provides an excellent venue for wide collaborations and international experiences for young researchers in degree programs. This theme, with a broad range of topics to choose from, offers simple bench-top projects that draw young researchers at the pre-degree level to the lab to test and develop their scientific interests and skills