Collaborative Research: Quaternary Archaeology and Environments of Rusinga and Mfangano Islands, Kenya
合作研究:肯尼亚鲁辛加和姆凡加诺群岛第四纪考古学和环境
基本信息
- 批准号:1013134
- 负责人:
- 金额:$ 2.8万
- 依托单位:
- 依托单位国家:美国
- 项目类别:Standard Grant
- 财政年份:2010
- 资助国家:美国
- 起止时间:2010-09-01 至 2015-08-31
- 项目状态:已结题
- 来源:
- 关键词:
项目摘要
Researchers from the United States, their graduate students, and colleagues from the National Museums of Kenya are conducting archaeological and geological research on the islands of Rusinga and Mfangano, near the Kenyan shores of Lake Victoria. Genetic, fossil, and archaeological evidence suggest that the origins of living humans can be traced to early populations of Homo sapiens from the Late Pleistocene of eastern Africa, roughly 130,000-40,000 years ago. Research on the sites of Rusinga and Mfangano provides an important opportunity to examine the biological and behavioral diversity among these eastern Africa source populations, and the social and environmental contexts that may have contributed to this diversity and ultimately, the evolutionary success of our species. Located in equatorial eastern Africa, Lake Victoria is the largest lake on the continent and today supports diverse ecosystems and dense human populations. Past lake size has periodically dramatically fluctuated between completely drying up and nearly doubling in size, and these events have likely had major impacts on the composition, size, and distribution of surrounding environments and human populations. Using archaeological survey and excavation and a variety of field geological and laboratory-based geochemical and geophysical methods, past human diversity is investigated through the study of Middle Stone Age artifacts, site age is determined by correlating and dating associated volcanic ash deposits, and ancient environments are reconstructed through the analysis of sediments and fossils. Some of these fossils include extinct species, as well as extant taxa, that are indicative of arid grassland settings, substantially differing from today's regional environment. Integration of these data with detailed studies of neighboring lake basins contributes to our understanding of past and present patterns of climate change, particularly the timing and periodicity of pan-African intervals of increased aridity. This study provides an improved understanding of Late Pleistocene paleoenvironments of eastern Africa, which has clear implications for attempts to understand and moderate the effects of global climate change today. This two-year project is providing field and laboratory training, thesis research opportunities, and professional experience for US undergraduate and graduate students. Additionally, the project is fostering collaborations between US universities and contributes to the National Museums of Kenya and other local cultural heritage museums on Rusinga and Mfangano.
来自美国的研究人员、他们的研究生和肯尼亚国家博物馆的同事正在肯尼亚维多利亚湖岸边的鲁辛加岛和姆方加诺岛进行考古和地质研究。遗传学、化石和考古学证据表明,人类的起源可以追溯到大约13万至4万年前的非洲东部更新世晚期的早期智人。对Rusinga和Mfangano遗址的研究提供了一个重要的机会,可以研究这些东非来源人群的生物和行为多样性,以及可能促成这种多样性的社会和环境背景,并最终导致我们物种的进化成功。维多利亚湖位于非洲赤道东部,是非洲大陆上最大的湖泊,如今支持着多样化的生态系统和密集的人口。过去的湖泊大小在完全干涸和几乎翻倍之间周期性地剧烈波动,这些事件可能对周围环境和人口的组成,大小和分布产生了重大影响。利用考古调查和挖掘以及各种实地地质和实验室为基础的地球化学和地球物理方法,通过研究中石器时代的文物来调查过去的人类多样性,通过对比和测定相关火山灰沉积物的年代来确定遗址的年龄,并通过分析沉积物和化石来重建古代环境。其中一些化石包括灭绝的物种,以及现存的分类群,这表明干旱的草原环境,与今天的区域环境有很大的不同。将这些数据与对邻近湖泊盆地的详细研究相结合,有助于我们了解过去和现在的气候变化模式,特别是泛非洲干旱增加的时间和周期。这项研究提供了一个更好的了解非洲东部晚更新世的古环境,这有明确的意义,试图了解和缓和今天的全球气候变化的影响。这个为期两年的项目为美国本科生和研究生提供实地和实验室培训,论文研究机会和专业经验。此外,该项目正在促进美国大学之间的合作,并为肯尼亚国家博物馆和鲁辛加和姆方加诺的其他当地文化遗产博物馆做出贡献。
项目成果
期刊论文数量(0)
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会议论文数量(0)
专利数量(0)
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David Fox其他文献
A Healthcare Utilization Model Comparing Time Toxicity between Glofitamab and Epcoritamab
- DOI:
10.1182/blood-2024-198476 - 发表时间:
2024-11-05 - 期刊:
- 影响因子:
- 作者:
Pallawi Torka;Anthony Masaquel;Lourenia Cassoli;David Fox;Arliene Mangalindan;Ajay Major - 通讯作者:
Ajay Major
EXACT SOLUTIONS OF CYCLICALLY SYMMETRIC OSCILLATOR EQUATIONS WITH NON‐LINEAR COUPLING. PART III: GLOBALLY STABLE SINGLE‐FREQUENCY LIMIT CYCLES
非线性耦合循环对称振荡器方程的精确解第 III 部分:全局稳定单频极限循环。
- DOI:
10.1002/(sici)1097-007x(199705/06)25:3<199::aid-cta963>3.0.co;2-g - 发表时间:
1997 - 期刊:
- 影响因子:0
- 作者:
David Fox - 通讯作者:
David Fox
Otologic assessment of blast and nonblast injury in returning middle east‐deployed service members
回国中东部署军人爆炸性和非爆炸性损伤的耳科评估
- DOI:
- 发表时间:
2014 - 期刊:
- 影响因子:0
- 作者:
Anil N. Shah;M. Ayala;G. Capra;David Fox;M. Hoffer - 通讯作者:
M. Hoffer
Enabling machine learning-ready HPC ensembles with Merlin
使用 Merlin 实现机器学习就绪的 HPC 集成
- DOI:
- 发表时间:
2019 - 期刊:
- 影响因子:0
- 作者:
J. L. Peterson;B. Bay;Joseph Koning;Peter B. Robinson;Jessica Semler;Jeremy White;Rushil Anirudh;Kevin Athey;P. Bremer;F. Natale;David Fox;J. Gaffney;S. A. Jacobs;B. Kailkhura;B. Kustowski;S. Langer;B. Spears;J. Thiagarajan;B. V. Essen;Jae - 通讯作者:
Jae
Settlement patterns and their potential implications for livelihoods among Maasai pastoralists in northern Tanzania
坦桑尼亚北部马赛牧民的定居模式及其对生计的潜在影响
- DOI:
- 发表时间:
2017 - 期刊:
- 影响因子:0
- 作者:
David Fox - 通讯作者:
David Fox
David Fox的其他文献
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{{ truncateString('David Fox', 18)}}的其他基金
Collaborative Research: EVOLUTION OF NORTH AMERICAN SMALL MAMMAL COMMUNITIES IN RESPONSE TO OLIGO-MIOCENE LANDSCAPE CHANGE
合作研究:北美小哺乳动物群落响应寡中新世景观变化的进化
- 批准号:
2322805 - 财政年份:2023
- 资助金额:
$ 2.8万 - 项目类别:
Standard Grant
ELT Collaborative research: Evolutionary and ecological responses of small mammal communities to habitat and climate change over the last 5 million years
ELT 合作研究:过去 500 万年小型哺乳动物群落对栖息地和气候变化的进化和生态反应
- 批准号:
1338262 - 财政年份:2013
- 资助金额:
$ 2.8万 - 项目类别:
Continuing Grant
Collaborative research: Paleobiology and exinction of mammoths in northern Siberia and Wrangel Island
合作研究:西伯利亚北部和弗兰格尔岛的古生物学和猛犸象灭绝
- 批准号:
0545090 - 财政年份:2006
- 资助金额:
$ 2.8万 - 项目类别:
Continuing Grant
Stereokinetics / the optimisation of catalytic asymmetric reactions
立体动力学/催化不对称反应的优化
- 批准号:
EP/D072182/1 - 财政年份:2006
- 资助金额:
$ 2.8万 - 项目类别:
Fellowship
Evolution of Marine Mammal Foraging Behavior Based on Ca and C Isotope Ratios in Bioapatite
基于生物磷灰石中 Ca 和 C 同位素比率的海洋哺乳动物觅食行为的演变
- 批准号:
0519052 - 财政年份:2005
- 资助金额:
$ 2.8万 - 项目类别:
Continuing Grant
COLLABORATIVE RESEARCH: Plio-Pleistocene Mammal Faunas and Environmental Change in the Meade Basin of Southwestern Kansas: A Combined Stratigraphic, Faunal, and Isotopic Approach
合作研究:堪萨斯州西南部米德盆地的上更新世哺乳动物区系和环境变化:地层学、动物区系和同位素相结合的方法
- 批准号:
0207383 - 财政年份:2002
- 资助金额:
$ 2.8万 - 项目类别:
Standard Grant
Stable Carbon Isotope Variation in Late Miocene Paleosol Carbonates from North America: Habitat Change and Mammalian Evolution
北美晚中新世古土壤碳酸盐的稳定碳同位素变化:栖息地变化和哺乳动物进化
- 批准号:
9901693 - 财政年份:1999
- 资助金额:
$ 2.8万 - 项目类别:
Standard Grant
Mathematical Sciences: High Speed Methods for Algebraic Eigenvalue Problems using Intermediate Problem Techniques
数学科学:使用中间问题技术解决代数特征值问题的高速方法
- 批准号:
8807483 - 财政年份:1988
- 资助金额:
$ 2.8万 - 项目类别:
Continuing Grant
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