Phenotypic and genetic variation in Biscutella didyma and other Brassicaceae and adaptation to environmental change - a combined ecological-genomic approach

Biscutella didyma 和其他十字花科植物的表型和遗传变异以及对环境变化的适应——生态基因组相结合的方法

• 批准号: 197753323
• 负责人: Professor Dr. Christian Schlötterer
• 金额: --
• 依托单位: Institut für Populationsgenetik
• 依托单位国家: 德国
• 项目类别: Priority Programmes
• 财政年份: 2011
• 资助国家: 德国
• 起止时间: 2010-12-31 至 2013-12-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://gepris.dfg.de/gepris/projekt/197753323?language=en
• 关键词: Phenotypic; genetic; variation; Biscutella; didyma

Local adaptation and geographic separation are crucial for the evolution of diversity, and recent whole-genome analyses in humans have revealed evidence for spatial distribution of genetic differences. The forces shaping these patterns are, however, only understood in few cases, because it is generally not known how genetic differentiation arises in the first place. Top-down approaches can point to regions of the genome under selection in the recent past, but they rarely identify the responsible genes and the selected traits. Conversely, ecological studies on local adaptation have made little use of the progress in genomics. Here, we combine modern evolutionary ecology with state-of-the-art genomics to study real-time evolution in Biscutella didyma and other Brassicaceae species. We utilize a unique field experiment to test genome-wide differentiation along an aridity gradient, study whether genome-wide signatures of selection are detectable in populations that have been exposed to manipulated precipitation regimes, and whether phenotypic variability in response to selection gradients corresponds to theoretical predictions. Building on the results from phase one, we will study genome-wide selection signature in three independent aridity clines in B. didyma and four related species. In addition, we will phenotype another six related species along the gradients. We will expand our trait measurements to new traits for which genetic pathways are well-known and which exhibit clines along the climate gradient: stomata and trichome density, herbivore defense, and selfing rates. By focusing on adaptive traits with well-characterized genetic networks, we will not only identify selected genes, but answer to how adaptive potential is being realized in independent comparisons. Our findings will enable us to develop models of adaptive capacity under predicted climate change.

局部适应和地理分离对多样性的进化至关重要，最近对人类的全基因组分析揭示了遗传差异的空间分布证据。然而，形成这些模式的力量只在少数情况下才被理解，因为通常不知道遗传分化最初是如何产生的。自上而下的方法可以指向最近正在选择的基因组区域，但它们很少识别负责的基因和选定的特征。相反，关于局部适应的生态学研究几乎没有利用基因组学的进展。在这里，我们将现代进化生态学与最先进的基因组学相结合，研究十字花科植物斗菜和其他十字花科物种的实时进化。我们利用一个独特的田间实验来测试沿干旱梯度的全基因组分化，研究在暴露于受操纵的降水制度的种群中是否可以检测到全基因组选择的特征，以及响应选择梯度的表型可变性是否与理论预测相符。在第一阶段研究结果的基础上，我们将在三个独立的旱生植物和四个相关物种中研究全基因组的选择特征。此外，我们还将沿着梯度对另外六个相关物种进行表型分析。我们将把我们的性状测量扩展到已知遗传途径并沿着气候梯度呈现倾斜性的新性状：气孔和毛状体密度、食草动物防御和自交率。通过关注具有良好特征的遗传网络的适应性特征，我们不仅将识别选定的基因，而且将回答如何在独立的比较中实现适应性潜力。我们的发现将使我们能够开发预测气候变化下的适应能力模型。