Effect of Self-Control on Antisocial and Prosocial Behavior

自我控制对反社会和亲社会行为的影响

• 批准号: 1022615
• 负责人: Brad Bushman
• 金额: $ 33.1万
• 依托单位: Regents of the University of Michigan - Ann Arbor
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 项目类别: Standard Grant
• 财政年份: 2010
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2010-10-01 至 2011-01-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=1022615&HistoricalAwards=false
• 关键词: Effect; Self; Control; Antisocial; Prosocial

Blending theoretical perspectives from the aggression and self-control literatures, the proposed research sheds light on who is at risk for behaving antisocially, when antisocial behaviors are most likely to occur, and how metabolic, psychological, and hemodynamic processes help explain why people engage in antisocial behaviors. It also focuses on how to increase prosocial behavior. The proposed program of research to be conducted over the course of 5 laboratory studies is novel in several ways. First, it blends perspectives from two influential social psychological theoretical perspectives, namely the General Aggression Model and the limited resource model of self-control. The proposed research will provide the first integration of these perspectives in a single program of research. Second, it uses an extremely diverse methodological approach, including daily diary, experimental, quasi-experimental, and fMRI. Therefore, the proposed research will be able to provide converging empirical evidence that can impact researchers who use each of these diverse methods. Third, it provides the first examination of whether the capacity to override aggressive impulses relies on the same metabolic processes in humans and non-human animals.Findings from this work should be of interest to scholars from a broad range of disciplines who wish to understand how physical and mental self-control processes can decrease antisocial behavior and increase prosocial behavior. The project will also provide a unique, interdisciplinary training opportunity for two graduate students and many different undergraduate research assistants. The graduate student researchers will work closely with members of the senior research team, which will constitute a unique training experience in the use of multiple perspectives and methods. Finally, the proposed work will help lay people who have difficulty controlling their aggressive and selfish impulses. The investigators will give lectures that are open to members of the community and to people who are interested in applying the theoretical principles of effective self-control to reducing aggression and increasing prosocial behavior. Additional outreach will be provided to law enforcement agencies regarding how to prevent aggression and shooting of unarmed suspect.

结合攻击和自我控制文献的理论观点，提出的研究揭示了谁有反社会行为的风险，什么时候最有可能发生反社会行为，以及代谢、心理和血液动力学过程如何帮助解释人们为什么会从事反社会行为。它还关注如何增加亲社会行为。拟议的研究计划将在5个实验室研究的过程中进行，在几个方面是新颖的。首先，它融合了两个有影响力的社会心理学理论视角，即一般攻击模型和自我控制有限资源模型。拟议的研究将首次将这些观点整合到一个单一的研究项目中。其次，它使用了极其多样化的方法，包括日常日记、实验、准实验和功能磁共振成像。因此，建议的研究将能够提供收敛的经验证据，可以影响使用这些不同方法的研究人员。第三，它首次提供了对人类和非人类动物是否有能力克服攻击性冲动依赖于相同的代谢过程的研究。这项工作的发现应该引起来自广泛学科的学者的兴趣，他们希望了解身心自我控制过程如何减少反社会行为和增加亲社会行为。该项目还将为两名研究生和许多不同的本科生研究助理提供独特的跨学科培训机会。研究生研究人员将与高级研究团队成员密切合作，这将构成使用多种观点和方法的独特训练经验。最后，这项提议的工作将帮助那些难以控制自己的攻击性和自私冲动的外行人。调查人员将向社区成员和对应用有效自我控制的理论原则来减少攻击性和增加亲社会行为感兴趣的人开放讲座。将向执法机构提供关于如何防止侵略和射杀手无寸铁的嫌疑人的额外宣传。