Effect of Self-Control on Antisocial and Prosocial Behavior

结合攻击性和自控性文献的理论观点，这项拟议的研究揭示了谁有反社会行为的风险，反社会行为最有可能发生的时间，以及新陈代谢、心理和血液动力学过程如何帮助解释人们从事反社会行为的原因。它还侧重于如何增加亲社会行为。拟议的研究方案将在5项实验室研究过程中进行，在几个方面都是新颖的。首先，它融合了两个有影响力的社会心理学理论视角，即一般攻击模型和自我控制的有限资源模型。拟议的研究将首次将这些观点整合到一个单一的研究计划中。其次，它使用了极其多样化的方法，包括每日日记、实验、准实验和功能磁共振成像。因此，拟议的研究将能够提供汇聚的经验证据，这些证据可以影响使用这些不同方法的研究人员。第三，它首次检验了人类和非人类动物是否有能力克服攻击性冲动依赖于相同的新陈代谢过程。这项工作的发现应该会引起来自广泛学科的学者的兴趣，他们希望了解身体和精神的自我控制过程如何减少反社会行为，增加亲社会行为。该项目还将为两名研究生和许多不同的本科生研究助理提供独特的跨学科培训机会。研究生研究人员将与高级研究团队成员密切合作，这将构成一次独特的使用多种视角和方法的培训经验。最后，这项拟议的工作将帮助那些难以控制其咄咄逼人和自私冲动的人。研究人员将向社区成员和对应用有效自我控制的理论原则减少攻击性和增加亲社会行为感兴趣的人进行讲座。将向执法机构提供更多关于如何防止侵犯和射杀手无寸铁的嫌疑人的外联活动。

Blending theoretical perspectives from the aggression and self-control literatures, the proposed research sheds light on who is at risk for behaving antisocially, when antisocial behaviors are most likely to occur, and how metabolic, psychological, and hemodynamic processes help explain why people engage in antisocial behaviors. It also focuses on how to increase prosocial behavior. The proposed program of research to be conducted over the course of 5 laboratory studies is novel in several ways. First, it blends perspectives from two influential social psychological theoretical perspectives, namely the General Aggression Model and the limited resource model of self-control. The proposed research will provide the first integration of these perspectives in a single program of research. Second, it uses an extremely diverse methodological approach, including daily diary, experimental, quasi-experimental, and fMRI. Therefore, the proposed research will be able to provide converging empirical evidence that can impact researchers who use each of these diverse methods. Third, it provides the first examination of whether the capacity to override aggressive impulses relies on the same metabolic processes in humans and non-human animals.Findings from this work should be of interest to scholars from a broad range of disciplines who wish to understand how physical and mental self-control processes can decrease antisocial behavior and increase prosocial behavior. The project will also provide a unique, interdisciplinary training opportunity for two graduate students and many different undergraduate research assistants. The graduate student researchers will work closely with members of the senior research team, which will constitute a unique training experience in the use of multiple perspectives and methods. Finally, the proposed work will help lay people who have difficulty controlling their aggressive and selfish impulses. The investigators will give lectures that are open to members of the community and to people who are interested in applying the theoretical principles of effective self-control to reducing aggression and increasing prosocial behavior. Additional outreach will be provided to law enforcement agencies regarding how to prevent aggression and shooting of unarmed suspect.