Doctoral Dissertation Research: Penal Transfer and Transformation

博士论文研究：刑罚转移与转化

• 批准号: 1024018
• 负责人: David Garland
• 金额: $ 1.28万
• 依托单位: New York University
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 项目类别: Standard Grant
• 财政年份: 2010
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2010-07-01 至 2011-06-30
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=1024018&HistoricalAwards=false
• 关键词: Doctoral; Dissertation; Research; Penal; Transfer

This project investigates the extent to which culture, working in dynamic tension with other processes, shapes and is in turn shaped by penal systems. In particular, it examines how British penal regimes were transformed as they were transferred to the colonial Gold Coast both as the colonial government adopted and altered those systems to meet its own unique needs and as native rulers transformed the British penal system to align it with indigenous beliefs and practices that predated colonial rule. It is hypothesized that these colonial transformations were subsequently transferred back to Europe and further influenced penal developments there. The question raised by these transfers is whether the form the penal systems took was determined by the culture of the colonizing power, by the indigenous peoples it encountered in its implementation, or by other factors such as changes that were being wrought in the colonial economy. Data analysis methods include discourse, statistical, and legal analysis along with archival ethnography to determine which ideas and penal structures were circulating throughout the British Empire and how they were transformed by the ideas and structures already in place in the Gold Coast.This interdisciplinary study will contribute to the sociology of punishment, which often seeks to explain penal systems by pointing to the effects of social structure, material or power relations, viewed in isolation from the underlying culture. Rather than focusing on a single factor in isolation, this project will examine the role of culture in relation to other processes in shaping penal systems. The research will also broaden the field of the sociology of punishment, which has been primarily focused on Europe and the United States, by studying an underrepresented region and country while also focusing on processes of institutional transfer that have shaped the histories of penal systems throughout the world.

这个项目调查了文化在多大程度上，与其他过程在动态张力中工作，塑造了刑罚系统，反过来又塑造了刑罚系统。特别是，它考察了英国刑罚制度是如何转变的，因为它们被转移到殖民地黄金海岸，因为殖民政府采用和改变了这些制度，以满足自己独特的需求，以及当地统治者改变了英国的刑罚制度，使其与殖民统治之前的土著信仰和习俗保持一致。据推测，这些殖民地的转变随后被转移回欧洲，并进一步影响了那里的刑罚发展。这些转移所引起的问题是，刑罚制度采取的形式是由殖民大国的文化决定的，是由它在执行过程中遇到的土著人民决定的，还是由其他因素决定的，例如殖民经济中正在发生的变化。数据分析方法包括话语、统计和法律分析，以及档案民族志，以确定哪些思想和刑罚结构在整个大英帝国流传，以及它们是如何被黄金海岸已有的思想和结构所改变的。这一跨学科的研究将有助于刑罚社会学的发展，后者往往试图通过指出社会结构、物质或权力关系的影响来解释刑罚制度，这些影响与潜在的文化无关。这个项目不是孤立地关注单一因素，而是将研究文化在形成刑罚制度的其他过程中的作用。这项研究还将扩大惩罚社会学领域，该领域主要集中在欧洲和美国，研究一个代表性不足的区域和国家，同时也将重点放在形成全世界刑罚制度历史的制度转移过程上。