Doctoral Dissertation Research: Regulating the destitute: A case study of how street people are regulated in an urban public space

博士论文研究：监管贫困者：城市公共空间中如何监管街头人群的案例研究

• 批准号: 1228488
• 负责人: David Garland
• 金额: $ 0.94万
• 依托单位: New York University
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 项目类别: Standard Grant
• 财政年份: 2012
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2012-09-01 至 2013-08-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=1228488&HistoricalAwards=false
• 关键词: Doctoral; Dissertation; Research; Regulating; destitute

This project examines how a population of "street people" are policed and otherwise regulated as they live out their days, and many of their nights, in and around the Journal Square Transportation Center in Jersey City, New Jersey. The project takes aim at theories which claim that American criminal justice institutions function either to punitively contain the destitute and disorderly elements of the poor in racialized and isolated ghettos or, failing that aim, to ?warehouse? them in jails and prisons. This project proposes that street people are not being contained in racialized ghettos. And far from being isolated, the study hypothesizes that while there is a police station inside the transportation center and the spaces in and around the transportation center are under constant video surveillance, the police only occasionally make arrests of street people or attempt to remove them to another area. This is despite the fact that most of the street people who regularly spend time in Journal Square consistently engage in a range of deviant and criminal activities. Thus, this project asks: How can this situation exist in a society in which criminal justice institutions purportedly function to criminalize and quarantine the destitute and disorderly elements of the urban poor? Why are the police and other social control agents unwilling or unable to remove street people from the spaces in and around the transportation center or more effectively control their behavior? How does regulation in these spaces work if not in the ways that existing theories about the governance of the urban poor suggest? And what do the answers to these questions suggest about the nature and functions of social control in American cities today? This project aims to contribute to an understanding of how the urban poor in the United States are governed. The findings will be relevant to a broad range of audiences, including policy makers and practitioners who develop and institute policies in this area.

该项目研究了新泽西州泽西市期刊广场交通中心及其周围的“街头人群”在白天和许多夜晚的生活中如何受到警察和其他监管。 该项目针对的理论认为，美国刑事司法机构的功能要么是惩罚性地将赤贫和混乱的穷人关押在种族化和孤立的贫民窟中，要么如果达不到这一目标，就将其“收容”起来。他们在看守所和监狱里。 该项目建议街头流浪者不要被限制在种族化的贫民窟中。 该研究并非孤立的，而是假设虽然交通中心内有一个警察局，并且交通中心内和周围的空间都处于持续的视频监控之下，但警察只是偶尔逮捕街头行人或试图将他们转移到另一个区域。 尽管事实是，大多数经常在杂志广场消磨时间的街头人士一直从事一系列越轨和犯罪活动。 因此，该项目提出这样的问题：在一个刑事司法机构据称负责对城市贫民中的贫困和混乱分子进行刑事定罪和隔离的社会中，这种情况怎么可能存在？ 为什么警察和其他社会控制机构不愿意或无法将街头行人从交通中心及其周围的空间中转移出来，或者更有效地控制他们的行为？ 如果这些空间的监管不是按照现有的城市贫民治理理论所建议的方式进行，那么它们如何发挥作用？ 这些问题的答案表明了当今美国城市社会控制的性质和功能是什么？该项目旨在帮助了解美国城市贫民的治理方式。 研究结果将与广泛的受众相关，包括政策制定者和制定和制定该领域政策的从业者。