EAGER: Feasibility Study of Micro-Level Sensing and Process Control of Nitrification

EAGER：硝化微观传感和过程控制的可行性研究

• 批准号: 1025685
• 负责人: Kartik Chandran
• 金额: $ 7.33万
• 依托单位: Columbia University
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 项目类别: Standard Grant
• 财政年份: 2010
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2010-03-15 至 2013-02-28
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=1025685&HistoricalAwards=false
• 关键词: EAGER; Feasibility; Study; Micro; Level

1025685AttingerIntellectual meritThe aim of this project is to prove the concept that microbioreactors with integrated "on-chip" sensing can investigate the process kinetics of microorganisms under a wide array of shear stress and mass transport conditions. This microbioreactor concept will allow the study of low shear stress in combination with fast mass transport, conditions that are not attainable in current larger bench scale reactors. The target microorganisms investigated in this project are nitrifying bacteria. These bacteria sequentially oxidize ammonia to nitrite and nitrate and thus render it amenable for subsequent reduction to dinitrogen gas. Nitrifying bacteria play an important role in both natural and engineered environments due to their role in the global nitrogen cycle, for instance in relation to waste management. Microbioreactors have inherent, transformative advantages over currently used benchscale reactors. They feature more homogeneous flow conditions than larger reactors, direct optical access and large surface to volume ratio, for enhanced mass transfer. For instance, permeable membranes are used for gas diffusion, rather than traditional bubbling techniques that come with increases in shear stress. Control and measurement of nitrite concentration and temperature will be implemented using optical and microfabrication techniques.Broader impactThe PIs will disseminate the results in their graduate course "Microscale Transport Phenomena". Undergraduate and High School students will be involved in this interdisciplinary research, a practice that is customary to the research laboratories of both the PI and co-PI. This exploratory research will provide a foundation for the submission of a full size proposal to engineer nitrifying bioreactors for wastewater treatment, effectively overcoming currently observed mass-transfer limitations. This research will integrate into synergistic activities of Columbia University with industry (IBM "Smarter Cities") and with the Department of Chemical Engineering to grow this effort into a possible NSF research Center.

这个项目的目的是证明这样一个概念，即集成了“芯片上”传感的微生物反应器可以在广泛的剪应力和质量传输条件下研究微生物的过程动力学。这种微生物反应器的概念将允许研究低剪应力与快速质量传输相结合，这是目前较大规模的反应器所不能达到的条件。本项目研究的目标微生物为硝化细菌。这些细菌依次将氨氧化成亚硝酸盐和硝酸盐，从而使其易于随后还原为氮气。由于硝化细菌在全球氮循环中的作用，例如在废物管理方面，硝化细菌在自然和工程环境中都发挥着重要作用。与目前使用的基准规模的反应器相比，微生物反应器具有固有的、具有变革性的优势。与较大的反应器相比，它们具有更均匀的流动条件、直接的光学访问和大的表面积与体积比，以增强传质。例如，可渗透膜用于气体扩散，而不是传统的随剪应力增加而来的鼓泡技术。亚硝酸盐浓度和温度的控制和测量将使用光学和微制造技术来实现。波及影响PIS将在他们的研究生课程“微尺度输运现象”中传播结果。本科生和高中生将参与这项跨学科的研究，这是国际和平研究所和联合国际研究实验室的习惯做法。这项探索性研究将为提交用于废水处理的硝化生物反应器的全尺寸提案提供基础，有效地克服目前观察到的传质限制。这项研究将融入哥伦比亚大学与工业界(IBM“智慧城市”)和化学工程系的协同活动，以将这一努力发展为一个可能的NSF研究中心。