EAGER: Carbon Nanotube Templated Battery Electrodes

EAGER：碳纳米管模板电池电极

• 批准号: 1027750
• 负责人: Robert Davis
• 金额: $ 10万
• 依托单位: Brigham Young University
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 项目类别: Standard Grant
• 财政年份: 2010
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2010-03-15 至 2011-08-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=1027750&HistoricalAwards=false
• 关键词: EAGER; Carbon; Nanotube; Templated; Battery

1027750DavisThis research will develop electrochemical storage materials based on three-dimensionally patterned carbon nanotube composites. These composites consist of patterned vertically aligned carbon nanotube (VACNT) templates coated with electrochemically active materials. A unique aspect of these composite materials is the ability to control simultaneously the structure on both a nano- and micro-level. This permits systematic variation of the different length scales of the vertically aligned hierarchical structures (i.e., the nano- and micro-porosity) in order to impact and control the relative influence of, for example, solid-phase electron transport and the transport of ions in the electrolyte. In addition, dimensional control at multiple length scales can be used to create structures that accommodate the morphological changes that occur during electrode cycling. In short, this work will allow the PIs to understand and optimize the influence of electrode structure on the performance of energy storage electrodes in a way that has not previously been possible. It also holds the promise of creating structurally engineered electrodes to enable a new generation of high-performance electrical storage devices.This work is potentially transformative, but also high risk as the ability to create functional battery electrodes based on these novel materials has not yet been demonstrated. The purpose of this EAGER grant is to demonstrate the feasibility of such electrodes as the foundation for a more extensive study that will exploit the potential of these unique electrodes. This will be accomplished by: 1) Synthesis of the vertically structured composite including patterning and growth of VACNT templates and chemical vapor deposition of high energy density electrochemical materials, and 2) Electrochemical cycling and characterization of structured composites. Basic microstuctural characterization of these composites will also be performed. While VACNT-templated structures can be applied to a variety of different electrode chemistries, this work will focus on silicon anodes for lithium-ion batteries. Silicon anodes represent a very challenging system that has great potential.An interdisciplinary team of experts from BYU with an established record of successful collaboration has been assembled to take advantage of this opportunity. The team includes two physicists with expertise in microfabrication, nanofabrication, and micro and nanoscale analysis; and a chemical engineer with expertise in electrochemistry and energy storage materials and systems.The intellectual merit is that it introduces potentially transformative electrochemical materials based on templated carbon nanotube composites. The new materials to be developed have the potential to enable the development of energy storage systems with both high energy density and high power density, including 3D electrodes. Energy storage with these characteristics is needed to address a wide variety of energy related issues in energy generation and delivery systems. These materials also provide a well-controlled test bed for fundamental understanding of the structural factors that limit electrode performance.The broader impacts include the development of new energy storage materials with the potential to have significant societal and environmental impact. In addition, the project will involve education of undergraduate and graduate students in a multidisciplinary environment where the specific training is in energy storage materials. The PIs have a long track record of involving undergraduates in a positive research mentoring environment and will continue this effort.

[27750]戴维斯本研究将开发基于三维图像化碳纳米管复合材料的电化学存储材料。这些复合材料由图案垂直排列的碳纳米管（VACNT）模板组成，模板上涂有电化学活性材料。这些复合材料的一个独特方面是能够在纳米和微观水平上同时控制结构。这允许垂直排列的层次结构（即纳米和微孔隙）的不同长度尺度的系统变化，以影响和控制相对的影响，例如，固相电子传输和电解质中离子的传输。此外，在多个长度尺度上的尺寸控制可用于创建结构，以适应电极循环过程中发生的形态变化。简而言之，这项工作将使pi能够以一种以前不可能的方式了解和优化电极结构对储能电极性能的影响。它还有望创造结构工程电极，以实现新一代高性能电存储设备。这项工作具有潜在的变革性，但也有很高的风险，因为基于这些新材料制造功能性电池电极的能力尚未得到证实。这项EAGER拨款的目的是证明这种电极的可行性，为更广泛的研究奠定基础，从而开发这些独特电极的潜力。这将通过：1)垂直结构复合材料的合成，包括VACNT模板的图图化和生长以及高能量密度电化学材料的化学气相沉积；2)结构复合材料的电化学循环和表征。这些复合材料的基本微观结构表征也将进行。虽然vacnt模板结构可以应用于各种不同的电极化学，但这项工作将重点放在锂离子电池的硅阳极上。硅阳极代表了一个非常具有挑战性的系统，具有巨大的潜力。杨百翰大学的一个跨学科专家团队已经建立了成功的合作记录，以利用这一机会。该团队包括两名在微制造、纳米制造以及微纳米分析方面具有专业知识的物理学家；在电化学和能量存储材料和系统方面具有专业知识的化学工程师。智力上的优点是它引入了基于模板碳纳米管复合材料的潜在变革的电化学材料。即将开发的新材料具有开发高能量密度和高功率密度的储能系统的潜力，包括3D电极。为了解决能源生产和输送系统中的各种能源相关问题，需要具有这些特性的能源存储。这些材料也为限制电极性能的结构因素的基本理解提供了一个控制良好的试验台。更广泛的影响包括开发新的储能材料，这些材料有可能对社会和环境产生重大影响。此外，该项目将涉及在多学科环境下对本科生和研究生的教育，具体培训是在储能材料方面。在让本科生参与积极的研究指导环境方面，pi有着长期的记录，并将继续努力。