Ontogeny of Symbiosis in a Deep-Sea Bacterially Luminous Fish

深海细菌发光鱼共生的个体发育

• 批准号: 1027773
• 负责人: Paul Dunlap
• 金额: $ 0.76万
• 依托单位: Regents of the University of Michigan - Ann Arbor
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 项目类别: Standard Grant
• 财政年份: 2011
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2011-04-01 至 2012-03-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=1027773&HistoricalAwards=false
• 关键词: Ontogeny; Symbiosis; Deep; Sea; Bacterially

This proposal describes a planning visit to develop an international collaborative research and training project between the U.S. principal investigator (PI) and a Japanese investigator, Atsushi Fukui, at Tokai University in Honshu, Japan. The purpose of the planning visit is to allow the investigators to discuss, coordinate, and finalize the scientific goals, work out the logistics for sample collection and analysis, and develop the student training goals for a project to examine the developmental and microbiological events surrounding the inception of bioluminescent symbiosis in a representative deep-sea macrourid fish. The PI is an expert in the biology of light-emitting bacteria that form bioluminescent symbioses with fish, and the Japanese investigator is an expert in deep-sea fish, with a specialization in larvae and with substantial experience with macrourids. The Japanese investigator will coordinate and host the visit, including scheduling and making arrangements for lodging, meals and local transportation for the U.S. visitor. He will provide facilities for discussions and project planning and laboratory space for preliminary analyses of collected specimens, and he will coordinate and guide sampling cruises on the Tokai University's research and training vessel Hokuto to test and coordinate the logistics for sample collection and analysis.Intellectual merit: Macrourids are abundant, ecologically important fish in the world's oceans, and many depend on symbiosis with luminous bacteria to produce light for seeing and attracting prey and possibly for signaling involved in reproduction. Little is known, however, about the early life histories of these fish, and essentially nothing is known about how and when the fish acquire their symbiotic bacteria and initiate bioluminescent symbiosis, an event essential for their survival. By mapping onto the ontogenetic vertical migration of the fish the developmental timing of formation of tissues for housing the symbiotic bacteria, colonization of those tissues by the bacteria, and maturation of the symbiosis, the project will provide substantial new information and insight into how deep-sea fish, and potentially other vertebrate animals, acquire, accommodate, and function cooperatively with symbiotic bacteria.Broader impacts of the project: The long-term project provides a variety of opportunities for training students in microbiology and ichthyology, and cross-training students in these areas is a major educational goal of the project. Participation of underrepresented minorities in the project will be actively fostered via the well-developed University of Michigan infrastructure for recruiting students of diverse racial and ethnic backgrounds. Undergraduate and graduate students will receive training in scientific research through participation in the project and in the communication of science to the general public through participation in development and presentation of a public exhibit on the theme of this project at the University of Michigan Exhibit Museum of Natural History (UMEM), which hosts over 85,000 K-12 and adult visitors yearly. The PI will also present public lectures to the UMEM audience and will incorporate themes and information from this project into undergraduate and graduate level courses that reach 200 to 300 students yearly.

本提案描述了美国主要研究者（PI）和日本研究者Atsushi福井在日本本州东海大学开展国际合作研究和培训项目的计划访问。规划访问的目的是让研究人员讨论，协调和最终确定科学目标，制定出样品收集和分析的物流，并制定学生培训目标的项目，以检查周围的开始生物发光共生的发育和微生物学事件在一个代表性的深海macrouridfish。PI是与鱼类形成生物发光共生的发光细菌生物学方面的专家，日本调查员是深海鱼类专家，专门研究幼体，对macrourids有丰富的经验。日本调查员将协调和主持访问，包括为美国访问者安排住宿、膳食和当地交通。他将为讨论和项目规划提供便利，并为初步分析所收集的标本提供实验室空间，他还将协调和指导东海大学的研究和训练船Hokuto上的取样航行，以测试和协调样品收集和分析的后勤工作。在世界海洋中，大脲鱼是丰富的、具有重要生态意义的鱼类，许多依赖于与发光细菌的共生，以产生光来观察和吸引猎物，并可能产生与繁殖有关的信号。然而，人们对这些鱼的早期生活史知之甚少，基本上也不知道这些鱼是如何以及何时获得共生细菌并开始生物发光共生的，这是它们生存所必需的。该项目通过绘制鱼的个体发育垂直迁移图，确定共生细菌所在组织的发育时间、细菌在这些组织中的定殖以及共生关系的成熟，将为深海鱼以及可能的其他脊椎动物如何获得、适应共生细菌并与共生细菌合作发挥作用提供大量新的信息和见解。这个长期项目为学生提供各种微生物学和鱼类学培训机会，在这些领域对学生进行交叉培训是该项目的一个主要教育目标。代表性不足的少数群体参与该项目将通过密歇根大学发达的基础设施积极促进，以招募不同种族和族裔背景的学生。本科生和研究生将通过参与该项目接受科学研究培训，并通过参与开发和展示以该项目为主题的公共展览向公众传播科学在密歇根大学自然历史展览博物馆（UMEM），每年接待超过85，000名K-12和成年游客。PI还将向UMEM观众提供公开讲座，并将该项目的主题和信息纳入本科和研究生课程，每年有200至300名学生参加。