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Collaborative Research: Metabolic Rates and Growth Efficiency Across Redox and Thermal Gradients: An Experimental Study to Constrain Biomass Production at Vents

合作研究：氧化还原和热梯度下的代谢率和生长效率：限制通风口生物质生产的实验研究

基本信息

批准号：
1038131
负责人：
Stefan Sievert
金额：
$ 26.8万
依托单位：
Woods Hole Oceanographic Institution
依托单位国家：
美国
项目类别：
Standard Grant
财政年份：
2010
资助国家：
美国
起止时间：
2010-09-15 至 2014-08-31
项目状态：
已结题

来源：
https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=1038131&HistoricalAwards=false
关键词：
Collaborative Research Metabolic Rates Growth

项目摘要

Although they are the base of the food-web in deep sea hydrothermal systems, the growth efficiencies and other essential metabolic characteristics of microorganisms that live off chemical energy from geothermal/mineralogical sources in hydrothermal vent areas in the deep ocean are poorly known. This research uses a novel, flow through, laboratory reactor apparatus to run first-of-a-kind experiments looking at microbial growth rates and metabolic efficiencies at the temperatures, pressures (100 to 250 bars), and chemical conditions found in hydrothermal systems on the deep seafloor. Experiments will target the metabolic processes of two common deep sea vent microorganisms by measuring, in the reactor solutions, nitrogen-bearing respiratory products of nitrate-reducing and hydrogen-oxidizing microbes. Research goals are to determine the role of redox gradients on nitrate reduction and ammonification in hydrothermal systems, use isotopes to determine metabolic rates using kinetic isotope effects, and determine the growth efficiency of mesophilic and thermophilic anaerobic microbes at a range of H2/CO2 molar ratios. Broader impacts of the work include cross-training of a graduate student in two disciplines and laboratories and inclusion of a student from an under-represented minority in research.

尽管它们是深海热液系统食物网的基础，但深海热液喷口地区依靠地热/矿物学来源的化学能量生存的微生物的生长效率和其他基本代谢特征鲜为人知。这项研究使用了一种新颖的流通式实验室反应堆设备，进行了第一次同类实验，考察了深海海底热液系统中的温度、压力(100至250巴)和化学条件下微生物的生长速度和代谢效率。实验将以两种常见深海喷口微生物的代谢过程为目标，方法是在反应堆溶液中测量硝酸盐还原微生物和氢氧化微生物的含氮呼吸产物。研究目标是确定氧化还原梯度在水热系统中硝酸盐还原和氨化作用中的作用，使用同位素利用动力学同位素效应来确定代谢率，并确定在一定的H2/CO2摩尔比范围内中温和嗜热厌氧微生物的生长效率。这项工作的更广泛影响包括在两个学科和实验室交叉培训一名研究生，以及将一名来自代表性不足的少数群体的学生纳入研究。