Collaborative Research: Ocean-Ice-Atmosphere Interactions in the Terra Nova Bay Polynya, Antarctica

合作研究：南极洲特拉诺瓦湾冰间湖的海洋-冰-大气相互作用

• 批准号: 1043657
• 负责人: John Cassano
• 金额: $ 105.4万
• 依托单位: University of Colorado at Boulder
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 项目类别: Standard Grant
• 财政年份: 2011
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2011-08-15 至 2015-07-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=1043657&HistoricalAwards=false
• 关键词: Collaborative; Research; Ocean; Ice; Atmosphere

Antarctic coastal polynas are, at the same time, sea-ice free sites and 'sea-ice factories'. They are open water surface locations where water mass transformation and densification occurs, and where atmospheric exchanges with the deep ocean circulation are established. Various models of the formation and persistence of these productive and diverse ocean ecosystems are hampered by the relative lack of in situ meteorological and physical oceanographic observations, especially during the inhospitable conditions of their formation and activity during the polar night. Characterization of the lower atmosphere properties, air-sea surface heat fluxes and corresponding ocean hydrographic profiles of Antarctic polynyas, especially during strong wind events, is sought for a more detailed understanding of the role of polynyas in the production of latent-heat type sea ice and the formation, through sea ice brine rejection, of dense ocean bottom watersA key technological innovation in this work continues to be the use of instrumented unmanned aircraft systems (UAS), to enable the persistent and safe observation of the interaction of light and strong katabatic wind fields, and mesocale cyclones in the Terra Nova Bay (Victoria Land, Antarctica) polynya waters during late winter and early summer time frames.

同时，南极沿海的多聚体是没有海冰的地方和“海冰工厂”。它们是发生水团转化和致密化的开放水面位置，也是与深海环流建立大气交换的位置。由于相对缺乏现场气象和海洋物理观测，特别是在极夜形成和活动的不利条件下，这些生产性和多样化海洋生态系统的形成和持续的各种模式受到了阻碍。为了更详细地了解南极冰丛在潜热型海冰的产生和通过海冰卤水的排出形成稠密海底水中的作用，研究人员寻求南极冰丛的低层大气特性、海气表面热通量和相应的海洋水文剖面，特别是在强风事件期间。这项工作的关键技术创新仍然是使用仪表无人驾驶飞机系统（UAS）。以便在冬末夏初持续和安全地观测特拉诺瓦湾（南极洲维多利亚地）多冰湖水域的轻、强垂直风场和中尺度气旋的相互作用。