EAGER: Exploratory Research in Creative Sketching for 3D Design

素描在创意设计中扮演着重要的角色。计算机辅助素描的早期尝试是在CAD方法上叠加一个用于3D建模的素描界面。这种方法在快速沟通已经充分设想的设计方面是成功的，但在早期概念设计中存在问题。CAD的基本要求是始终有一个潜在的一致的3D实体表示。要求一致的3D模型是早期概念设计的障碍。几何形式要么是受约束的，要么是在没有设计者输入的情况下自动生成的。在早期概念阶段，设计师需要自由地试验不完整的、可能不一致的观点和细节。早期的工作表明，3D设计和分析可以只使用附加在3D空间中的2D平面上的笔画。本研究通过实验额外的草图原语和交互扩展了自由形式范式。基本的3D笔画系统将被用作一个起点。将添加选择和显示其他元素的技术，例如图像、3D片段和2.5D表面表示。该项目的智力价值在于改变了CAD系统的本质，通过将草图和概念整合到3D模型中，从而更好地支持概念设计，而不需要模型的一致性，直到设计师准备好执行一致性。该项目的更广泛影响是草图和CAD工具的开发，这些工具与早期概念和创意设计师相关。

Sketching plays an important role in creative design. Early attempts at computer-aided sketching overlay a sketching interface on a CAD approach for 3D modeling. This approach has been successful in quickly communicating designs that have already been fully envisioned, but is problematic in early conceptual design. Fundamental in CAD is the requirement that there is always an underlying consistent 3D solid representation. Requiring a consistent 3D model is an impediment to early conceptual design. Geometric forms must be either constrained or generated automatically without the designer's input. In the early conceptual phase the designer needs the freedom to experiment with incomplete and possibly inconsistent views and details. Early work has shown that 3D design and analysis can be performed using only strokes attached to 2D planes placed in 3D space. This research extends the free-form paradigm by experimenting with additional sketch primitives and interactions. The base 3D stroke system will be used as a starting point. Techniques for selecting and displaying additional elements, such as images, 3D fragments and 2.5D surface representations will be added. The intellectual merit of the project is the change in the nature of CAD systems that better support conceptual design by incorporating sketches and concepts that can be placed on a 3D model without requiring that the model be made consistent, until the designer is ready to enforce consistency. The broader impact of the project is the development of sketching and CAD tools that are relevant to early concept and creative designers.