Mediaeval and post mediaeval ferry systems at the rivers Main and Neckar

美因河和内卡河上的中世纪和后中世纪渡轮系统

• 批准号: 200237363
• 负责人: Professor Dr. Ingolf Ericsson
• 金额: --
• 依托单位国家: 德国
• 项目类别: Research Grants
• 财政年份: 2011
• 资助国家: 德国
• 起止时间: 2010-12-31 至 2014-12-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://gepris.dfg.de/gepris/projekt/200237363?language=en
• 关键词: Mediaeval; post; mediaeval; ferry; systems

The central topic of this project is the research on infrastructural systems in southern Germany since the Early Middle Ages. Starting from ferries as connectors between land and river traffic, we attempt to analyze the development of river crossing and their impact on the growth of traffic and population. To accomplish this, archaeological, written and historical-geographical sources has to be considered. Basis of the archaeological research are the worldwide unique finding conditions at the Main river. Within the current project it was possible to identify and investigate 115 logboats. Apart from a few exceptions, these finds were parts of mediaeval and post mediaeval ferry constructions. Due to this huge amount of remains a detailed analysis of one river system concerning this vessel type, which was used in most parts of Europe, is possible for the first time. Combined with 68 datings based on scientific methods and mostly made in cooperation with the Bavarian Office for the Preservation of Historical Monuments, it was possible to prove a wide range of construction techniques, which can be distinguished on regional and chronological points of view. The archaeological research will be complemented by extensive analyses of the written sources on ferries and ferry stations. Only the comparison of published written remains in a large-scale made an assessment of river crossing and their connected road-systems possible. To accomplish this, the Neckar river was chosen additionally to the Main river although for a comparison. This leads to a total number of 224 river crossings in the research area. Especially in early and high mediaeval times the identification of the shape of the river crossing just by written sources is only possible with great difficulty. This means a number of questions remain unanswered. The link between the single ferry-station and its surrounding cultural landscape is the goal of the historical-geographical investigation. To accomplish this, the results of the analyzing of the archaeological and written sources will be matched with post-mediaeval and early modern maps in a geo-information-system. In this way the changes inside the supra-regional used traffic systems will become clear. Finally the results will be published in the monographic series -Schriften des Deutschen Schiffahrtsmuseums- in Bremerhaven.

该项目的中心议题是对中世纪早期以来德国南部基础设施体系的研究。本文从渡口作为水陆交通的连接点出发，分析渡口的发展及其对交通和人口增长的影响。要做到这一点，必须考虑考古、书面和历史地理来源。考古研究的基础是世界上独特的发现条件在主要河流。在目前的项目中，有可能查明和调查115艘原木船。除了少数例外，这些发现是中世纪和后中世纪渡轮建筑的一部分。由于这一巨大的数量仍然是一个详细的分析一个河流系统有关这种船的类型，这是在欧洲大部分地区使用，是第一次可能的。结合68个基于科学方法的年代测定，主要是与巴伐利亚历史古迹保护办公室合作进行的，可以证明广泛的建筑技术，这些技术可以从区域和时间顺序的角度进行区分。考古研究将通过对渡轮和轮渡站书面资料的广泛分析来补充。只有比较出版的书面仍然是在一个大规模的评估河流过境及其连接的道路系统成为可能。为了实现这一目标，内卡河被选为除了主要河流，虽然是为了比较。这导致研究区域内共有224个河流过境点。特别是在中世纪早期和中世纪中期，仅仅通过书面资料来识别河流交叉的形状是非常困难的。这意味着许多问题仍然没有答案。历史地理研究的目标是将这座单一的轮渡站与其周围的文化景观联系起来。为了实现这一目标，考古和书面资料的分析结果将与地理信息系统中的后中世纪和早期现代地图相匹配。通过这种方式，跨区域使用的交通系统内部的变化将变得清晰。最后，研究结果将在不来梅港出版的专题丛书《德国船舶博物馆》中发表。