The medieval and post-medieval deserted settlement of Lindelach near Gerolzhofen (district of Schweinfurt)

格罗尔茨霍芬（施韦因富特区）附近中世纪和中世纪后废弃的林德拉赫定居点

• 批准号: 269744405
• 负责人: Professor Dr. Ingolf Ericsson
• 金额: --
• 依托单位国家: 德国
• 项目类别: Research Grants
• 财政年份: 2015
• 资助国家: 德国
• 起止时间: 2014-12-31 至 2016-12-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://gepris.dfg.de/gepris/projekt/269744405?language=en
• 关键词: medieval; post; deserted; settlement; Lindelach

During the research project Bischofspfalz und Wüstung Lindelach bei Gerolzhofen, Landkreis Schweinfurt, which was also funded by the DFG, it was possible to conduct excavations at two important archaeological sites east of the lower franconian town of Gerolzhofen in Northern Bavaria. By achieving to reconstruct the medieval and post-medieval settlement activities in this ideal micro-region, its development as a previous unknown major centre between the 8th and 14th century could be analysed and already presented in detail. The so-called Kapellberg, one of the mentioned locations, evolved from an early medieval fortification of the 8th to 10th century and a carolingian Königshof to a fortified castle in the 10th century with a mighty and representative stone building in the tradition of ottonian royal palaces and courts. The continual use of the site as a high medieval curia and a late medieval administrative centre of the Würzburg diocese shows the importance of this place, which was connected to a near and nowadays deserted village by the name of Lindelach, the second target of the excavations. Unfortunately, most of the post-medieval finds and structures of this settlement, which can be dated back to the 10th century and which was destroyed in 1631 during the Thirty Years´ War, could not be analysed for the time being due to the unexpected results of the initial research project. But presenting three partially excavated homesteads in Lindelach, one from the first half of the 15th century and two from the decades around 1600, can provide insight to many aspects of rural life in this era for different reasons: On the one hand, examining a large and chronologically classifiable amount of pottery from a burned down cellar including a near well from the first half of the 15th century could enrich the basic research of pottery in southern Germany substantially. On the other hand, settlement archaeology of post-medieval villages and especially in the time of the Thirty Years´ War is surprisingly still a subject requiring much more further research because most projects focus on the military aspects of this conflict and aren´t able to shed light on the material culture and daily routine of the common rural population. Due to the preliminary work already done, the concluding analysis of the excavations in Lindelach would be able to present new results and basics concerning post-medieval settlement archaeology in southern Germany, in which the amount of work wouldn´t bear comparison with the effort and funds yet needed. Finally, the findings from Lindelach should be compared with other national research regarding post-medieval settlement archaeology at a public symposium to collect and present the newest development and results of this area of expertise.

在巴伐利亚州土地委员会资助的“格罗尔茨霍芬附近的比绍夫普法尔茨和林德拉赫河谷”研究项目中，有可能在北方巴伐利亚州下弗兰科尼亚镇格罗尔茨霍芬以东的两个重要考古遗址进行发掘。通过在这个理想的小区域重建中世纪和后中世纪的定居活动，它作为世纪之前未知的主要中心的发展可以被分析并详细介绍。所谓的Kapellberg是上述地点之一，从世纪8至10世纪早期的中世纪防御工事和卡罗琳国王城堡演变为世纪的防御城堡，具有强大的和代表性的石头建筑，具有奥托皇家宫殿和法院的传统。该遗址继续被用作中世纪的高级教廷和维尔茨堡教区的中世纪晚期行政中心，这表明了这个地方的重要性，它与附近的一个现在被遗弃的村庄Lindelach相连，Lindelach是挖掘的第二个目标。不幸的是，这个定居点的大部分后中世纪发现和结构可以追溯到10世纪，并在1631年的三十年战争中被摧毁，由于最初的研究项目的意外结果，暂时无法分析。但是，展示三个部分挖掘的林德拉赫宅基地，一个来自15世纪上半叶，两个来自1600年左右的几十年，可以提供洞察这个时代农村生活的许多方面，原因不同：一方面，我们认为，从一个被烧毁的地窖里，包括一口世纪上半叶的近井里，德国南部陶器的基础研究。另一方面，后中世纪村庄的定居考古学，特别是在三十年战争时期，令人惊讶的是仍然是一个需要进一步研究的主题，因为大多数项目都集中在这场冲突的军事方面，无法揭示普通农村人口的物质文化和日常生活。由于已经完成的初步工作，对林德拉赫发掘的总结分析将能够提出有关德国南部后中世纪定居考古学的新结果和基本知识，其中工作量无法与所需的努力和资金相比。最后，Lindelach的发现应该与其他国家关于后中世纪定居考古学的研究进行比较，以收集和介绍这一专业领域的最新发展和成果。