The medieval and post-medieval deserted settlement of Lindelach near Gerolzhofen (district of Schweinfurt)

在研究项目Bischofspfalz und w<s:1>由DFG资助Lindelach bei Gerolzhofen， Landkreis Schweinfurt期间，有可能在北巴伐利亚州Gerolzhofen下法兰克镇以东的两个重要考古遗址进行挖掘。通过在这个理想的微区域重建中世纪和后中世纪的定居活动，可以分析它在8世纪到14世纪之间作为一个未知的主要中心的发展，并已经详细介绍了。所谓的卡佩尔堡，是提到的地点之一，从8世纪到10世纪早期的中世纪防御工事和加洛林王朝Königshof演变成10世纪的坚固城堡，拥有强大而具有代表性的石头建筑，继承了奥斯曼王室宫殿和宫廷的传统。该遗址一直被用作中世纪高级教堂和中世纪晚期w<s:1>茨堡教区的行政中心，这表明了这个地方的重要性，它与一个名为Lindelach的村庄相连，这个村庄现在已经被遗弃了，这是挖掘的第二个目标。不幸的是，由于最初的研究项目的意外结果，这个定居点的大多数后中世纪发现和结构都无法分析，这些发现和结构可以追溯到10世纪，并在1631年三十年战争期间被摧毁。但呈现三个部分在Lindelach出土的家宅,从15世纪上半年和两个几十年的1600年左右,可以提供在这个时代农村生活的许多方面不同的原因:一方面,检查数量大、时间顺序可分类的的陶器从附近的一个烧毁地窖包括从15世纪上半年可以大大丰富陶器在德国南部的基础研究。另一方面，后中世纪村庄的定居考古，特别是在三十年战争时期，令人惊讶的是，仍然是一个需要更多进一步研究的主题，因为大多数项目都集中在这场冲突的军事方面，而无法揭示普通农村人口的物质文化和日常生活。由于前期工作已经完成，对Lindelach发掘的总结分析将能够提供关于德国南部后中世纪定居点考古的新结果和基础，其中的工作量将无法与所需的努力和资金相比。最后，Lindelach的发现应该在一个公开的研讨会上与其他国家关于后中世纪定居考古学的研究进行比较，以收集和展示这一专业领域的最新发展和成果。

During the research project Bischofspfalz und Wüstung Lindelach bei Gerolzhofen, Landkreis Schweinfurt, which was also funded by the DFG, it was possible to conduct excavations at two important archaeological sites east of the lower franconian town of Gerolzhofen in Northern Bavaria. By achieving to reconstruct the medieval and post-medieval settlement activities in this ideal micro-region, its development as a previous unknown major centre between the 8th and 14th century could be analysed and already presented in detail. The so-called Kapellberg, one of the mentioned locations, evolved from an early medieval fortification of the 8th to 10th century and a carolingian Königshof to a fortified castle in the 10th century with a mighty and representative stone building in the tradition of ottonian royal palaces and courts. The continual use of the site as a high medieval curia and a late medieval administrative centre of the Würzburg diocese shows the importance of this place, which was connected to a near and nowadays deserted village by the name of Lindelach, the second target of the excavations. Unfortunately, most of the post-medieval finds and structures of this settlement, which can be dated back to the 10th century and which was destroyed in 1631 during the Thirty Years´ War, could not be analysed for the time being due to the unexpected results of the initial research project. But presenting three partially excavated homesteads in Lindelach, one from the first half of the 15th century and two from the decades around 1600, can provide insight to many aspects of rural life in this era for different reasons: On the one hand, examining a large and chronologically classifiable amount of pottery from a burned down cellar including a near well from the first half of the 15th century could enrich the basic research of pottery in southern Germany substantially. On the other hand, settlement archaeology of post-medieval villages and especially in the time of the Thirty Years´ War is surprisingly still a subject requiring much more further research because most projects focus on the military aspects of this conflict and aren´t able to shed light on the material culture and daily routine of the common rural population. Due to the preliminary work already done, the concluding analysis of the excavations in Lindelach would be able to present new results and basics concerning post-medieval settlement archaeology in southern Germany, in which the amount of work wouldn´t bear comparison with the effort and funds yet needed. Finally, the findings from Lindelach should be compared with other national research regarding post-medieval settlement archaeology at a public symposium to collect and present the newest development and results of this area of expertise.