RUI Collaborative: Biomechanics and Control of Landing in Toads
RUI 协作:蟾蜍的生物力学和着陆控制
基本信息
- 批准号:1051603
- 负责人:
- 金额:$ 18.8万
- 依托单位:
- 依托单位国家:美国
- 项目类别:Continuing Grant
- 财政年份:2011
- 资助国家:美国
- 起止时间:2011-04-15 至 2015-03-31
- 项目状态:已结题
- 来源:
- 关键词:
项目摘要
The hindlimb muscles of frogs and toads have served as an exemplary model for understanding muscle?s role in powering propulsive movements like jumping. Anything that jumps must ultimately land, but unlike during jumping, where muscles produce the energy to accelerate the body, controlled landing requires muscles to dissipate energy to decelerate the body. The role of muscles during energy dissipation remains poorly understood. This research will reveal important principles associated with this locomotor activity. Terrestrial toads are outstanding at landing, using their forelimbs exclusively to decelerate their bodies. The proposed work will use toad landing as a model system for understanding how muscles control forelimb joint movements (shoulder, elbow and wrist) during and after impact. During human jumps, pre-landing activity in leg muscles is used to stiffen joints in preparation for landing, and is tuned to the expected time and magnitude of impact. Recent work demonstrates similarly prescient activity in muscles acting at the elbow joints of hopping toads in mid-air. The proposed work will address the generality of such tuned, pre-landing activity at other forelimb joints, and will specifically test the hypothesis that its utility lies in preventing muscles involved in energy dissipation from stretching to overly long lengths during landing, where injuries are most likely to occur. We will also examine the importance of visual and proprioceptive feedback in helping animals tune muscle activity to coordinate landing after hops of variable height and distance. By integrating biomechanics, muscle physiology and sensory biology this work will highlight fundamental principles governing controlled deceleration, an action common to most locomotor systems. Undergraduate students will be essential to the execution and presentation of this work, and by involving students and faculty from local community colleges, we will broaden direct participation in cutting-edge research.
青蛙和蟾蜍的后肢肌肉已成为了解肌肉在推动跳跃等推进运动中的作用的典范模型。任何跳跃的物体最终都必须落地,但与跳跃时肌肉产生能量来加速身体不同,受控着陆需要肌肉耗散能量来使身体减速。肌肉在能量耗散过程中的作用仍然知之甚少。这项研究将揭示与这种运动活动相关的重要原理。陆生蟾蜍在着陆方面表现出色,它们专门利用前肢来减速身体。拟议的工作将使用蟾蜍着陆作为模型系统,以了解肌肉如何在撞击期间和撞击后控制前肢关节运动(肩部、肘部和腕部)。在人类跳跃过程中,腿部肌肉的落地前活动用于使关节僵硬,为着陆做好准备,并根据预期的冲击时间和幅度进行调整。最近的研究表明,在半空中跳跃的蟾蜍肘关节处的肌肉也具有类似的先见之明的活动。 拟议的工作将解决其他前肢关节处这种经过调整的预着陆活动的普遍性,并将具体测试这样的假设:其效用在于防止参与能量耗散的肌肉在着陆过程中拉伸到过长的长度,而在着陆过程中最有可能发生伤害。 我们还将研究视觉和本体感觉反馈在帮助动物调整肌肉活动以协调不同高度和距离的跳跃后着陆的重要性。通过整合生物力学、肌肉生理学和感觉生物学,这项工作将突出控制受控减速的基本原理,这是大多数运动系统常见的动作。本科生对于这项工作的执行和展示至关重要,通过让当地社区学院的学生和教师参与,我们将扩大对前沿研究的直接参与。
项目成果
期刊论文数量(0)
专著数量(0)
科研奖励数量(0)
会议论文数量(0)
专利数量(0)
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Gary Gillis其他文献
Gary Gillis的其他文献
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{{ truncateString('Gary Gillis', 18)}}的其他基金
Symposium: Sensory feedback and animal locomotion: perspectives from biology and biorobotics, January 5, 2018, San Francisco, California
研讨会:感觉反馈和动物运动:生物学和生物机器人学的视角,2018 年 1 月 5 日,加利福尼亚州旧金山
- 批准号:
1747859 - 财政年份:2017
- 资助金额:
$ 18.8万 - 项目类别:
Standard Grant
RUI: Body Size, Limb Posture and Muscle Strain During Terrestrial Locomotion
RUI:陆地运动期间的身体尺寸、肢体姿势和肌肉拉伤
- 批准号:
0316418 - 财政年份:2003
- 资助金额:
$ 18.8万 - 项目类别:
Standard Grant
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