Improved Observation, Analysis and Modeling of Fine Sediment Dynamics in Turbid, Biologically Active Coastal Environments
改进浑浊、生物活跃的沿海环境中细沉积物动力学的观测、分析和建模
基本信息
- 批准号:1061781
- 负责人:
- 金额:$ 64.4万
- 依托单位:
- 依托单位国家:美国
- 项目类别:Standard Grant
- 财政年份:2011
- 资助国家:美国
- 起止时间:2011-04-01 至 2016-03-31
- 项目状态:已结题
- 来源:
- 关键词:
项目摘要
A better understanding of the physics of fine sediment suspension, transport and settling is key to advancing the fields of benthic ecology, biogeochemistry and geology. Controls on seabed erodibility and suspended particle properties are two of the largest unknowns limiting accurate prediction of fine sediment movement. Recent findings suggest that within turbid, biologically active coastal environments, the interactions of flow with the two dominant types of muddy particle packaging are notably distinct. Although they are formed from nearly identical mud grains and are often simultaneously present, loosely bound flocs and biologically compacted pellets erode, settle and respond to circulation very differently. At present, the distinct physical responses to flow of these two common types of particle packages are not adequately documented by observations, have not been sufficiently analyzed, and are not satisfactorily represented within state- of-the art models, especially for cases when they occur together.Key questions to be addressed in this study include: (i) How do turbulence and particle packaging affect the nature of sediment settling? (ii) How do bed stress and particle packaging affect bed erodibility? (iii) How do feedbacks between hydrodynamics and particle packaging control the locally dominant particle distribution? The associated hypotheses include: (i) Stronger turbulence suspends larger pellets but rips apart flocs, so turbulence increases settling velocity (ws) for pellets but decreases ws for flocs. (ii) With increased stress, the eroded mass of pellets depends on their individual size and density, whereas the eroded mass of flocs depends more on the time that has passed since deposition. (iii) Convergent near-bed flow and/or reduced turbulence more efficiently traps slowly settling flocs relative to heavier pellets, while divergent near-bed flow and/or increased turbulence disperses flocs, leaving a lag deposit of the remaining pellets.The above hypotheses will be tested using a three-pronged approach of observations, analysis, and modeling. Observations of turbulent velocity and sediment concentration time-series, in concert with erosion microcosms and a particle imaging camera, will enable continual estimation of both ws and bed erodibility in a spatially and temporally varying turbid environment. Methods for analysis of fine sediment dynamics will incorporate formal data assimilation techniques, allowing continual objective inference of such key variables as the erosion rate parameter and the size distribution of suspended particles. While accounting for the presence of both pellets and flocs, three-dimensional modeling will be used to extend localized observations and analysis over an entire hydrodynamic system, evaluate the roles of convergent and divergent circulation, and perform more systematic sensitivity analysis.Broader Impacts: Increased understanding of fine grained sediment transport and deposition will help improve management of human impacts on the coastal zone with applications including contaminant transport (contaminants often are bound to and travel with fine sediment), ecology (muds provide crucial habitat, and host crucial biogeochemical cycles), and engineering of estuaries, harbors, and dredge spoils. Data assimilation has not been widely applied to sediment transport; for this reason, the proposed research has the potential for transformative work. The PIs are active in several major community modeling efforts, providing ready venues for knowledge transfer of research results and products. The project will support two graduate students who will be trained in observations, data analysis and assimilation, and numerical modeling. The PIs will likely mentor undergraduate research pertaining to this project through VIMS? REU and/or William & Mary?s Senior Thesis, as they have done in the past. Research will be incorporated into graduate classes taught by the PIs including numerical methods, sediment transport, and estuarine dynamics. Results of the study will be disseminated to the general public through events at VIMS including a series of public lectures, as well as an annual Marine Science Day that attracts thousands of visitors per year.
更好地了解细颗粒沉积物悬浮、运输和沉降的物理学是推进底栖生态学、海洋地球化学和地质学领域的关键。对海底可蚀性和悬浮颗粒特性的控制是两个最大的未知数,限制了对细颗粒泥沙运动的准确预测。最近的研究结果表明,在浑浊,生物活跃的沿海环境中,流动与两种主要类型的泥质颗粒包装的相互作用是显着不同的。虽然它们是由几乎相同的泥粒形成的,并且通常同时存在,但松散结合的絮凝体和生物压实的颗粒的侵蚀、沉降和对循环的反应非常不同。目前,这两种常见类型的颗粒包的流动的不同的物理响应没有充分记录的观察,没有得到充分的分析,并没有令人满意地表示在国家的最先进的模型,特别是当它们发生在一起的情况下,在这项研究中要解决的关键问题包括:(一)如何湍流和颗粒包装影响沉积物沉降的性质?(ii)河床应力和颗粒堆积是如何影响河床可蚀性的?(iii)流体力学和颗粒包装之间的反馈如何控制局部主导颗粒分布?相关的假设包括:(i)较强的湍流使较大的颗粒悬浮,但使絮凝物撕裂,因此湍流增加颗粒的沉降速度(ws),但降低絮凝物的ws。(ii)随着应力的增加,颗粒的侵蚀量取决于它们各自的尺寸和密度,而絮凝物的侵蚀量更多地取决于沉积后经过的时间。(iii)收敛近床流和/或减少湍流更有效地捕获缓慢沉降的絮体相对于较重的颗粒,而发散近床流和/或增加湍流分散絮体,留下一个滞后存款的剩余pellet.The上述假设将使用三管齐下的方法进行测试的观察,分析和建模。湍流速度和泥沙浓度时间序列的观测,与侵蚀微观世界和粒子成像相机,将使连续的WS和床的可蚀性在空间和时间上变化的浑浊环境的估计。细颗粒沉积物动力学分析方法将采用正式的数据同化技术,以便能够对侵蚀率参数和悬浮颗粒大小分布等关键变量进行持续客观的推断。在考虑颗粒和絮凝物的同时,将使用三维建模来扩大对整个水动力系统的局部观测和分析,评估收敛和发散环流的作用,并进行更系统的敏感性分析。增加对细粒沉积物输运和沉积的了解将有助于改进对人类对沿海区影响的管理,包括污染物迁移(污染物通常与细沉积物结合并随细沉积物移动)、生态学(淤泥提供关键的栖息地,并主持关键的生物地球化学循环)以及河口、港口和疏浚弃土的工程。数据同化尚未广泛应用于沉积物输运;因此,拟议的研究具有变革性工作的潜力。PI积极参与几项主要的社区建模工作,为研究成果和产品的知识转移提供了现成的场所。该项目将支持两名研究生,他们将接受观测、数据分析和同化以及数值建模方面的培训。PI可能会通过VIMS指导与该项目有关的本科生研究?REU和/或威廉玛丽?的高级论文,就像他们过去所做的。研究将被纳入研究生班教授的PI,包括数值方法,泥沙输运和河口动力学。研究结果将通过VIMS的活动向公众传播,包括一系列公开讲座,以及每年吸引数千名游客的年度海洋科学日。
项目成果
期刊论文数量(0)
专著数量(0)
科研奖励数量(0)
会议论文数量(0)
专利数量(0)
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Carl Friedrichs其他文献
Sediment Characterization Based on Portable Free Fall Penetrometer Measurements Using a Deep Neural Network
基于使用深度神经网络的便携式自由落体贯入计测量的沉积物表征
- DOI:
- 发表时间:
2024 - 期刊:
- 影响因子:0
- 作者:
Md. Rejwanur Rahman;E. Hunstein;A. Rodriguez;Nina Stark;Grace Massey;Carl Friedrichs;K. Dorgan;C. Cox - 通讯作者:
C. Cox
Editorial to the INTERCOH 2017 topical collection
- DOI:
10.1007/s10236-020-01399-9 - 发表时间:
2020-08-24 - 期刊:
- 影响因子:1.900
- 作者:
Francisco Pedocchi;Carl Friedrichs - 通讯作者:
Carl Friedrichs
Carl Friedrichs的其他文献
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{{ truncateString('Carl Friedrichs', 18)}}的其他基金
Interactions of Estuarine Physics, Sediment, and Organic Matter in Determining Suspended Particle Properties, Their Spatial and Temporal Distribution, and Resulting Water Clarity
河口物理、沉积物和有机物的相互作用在确定悬浮颗粒特性、其时空分布以及由此产生的水澄清度中的作用
- 批准号:
1459708 - 财政年份:2015
- 资助金额:
$ 64.4万 - 项目类别:
Standard Grant
Collaborative Research: The Role of Wind in Estuarine Dynamics
合作研究:风在河口动力学中的作用
- 批准号:
1061564 - 财政年份:2011
- 资助金额:
$ 64.4万 - 项目类别:
Standard Grant
Collaborative research: A Real-time and Rapid Response Observing System for the Study of Physical and Biological Controls on Muddy Seabed Deposition, Reworking and Resuspension
合作研究:用于研究泥质海底沉积、改造和再悬浮的物理和生物控制的实时快速响应观测系统
- 批准号:
0536572 - 财政年份:2006
- 资助金额:
$ 64.4万 - 项目类别:
Continuing Grant
Collaborative Research: How do Estuarine Turbidity Maxima Entrap Particles, Retain Zooplankton, and Promote Recruitment of Fish
合作研究:河口浑浊度极大值如何截留颗粒、保留浮游动物并促进鱼类补充
- 批准号:
0002529 - 财政年份:2000
- 资助金额:
$ 64.4万 - 项目类别:
Continuing Grant
CAREER: Sediment Dynamics of a Microtidal Partially-Mixed Estuary
职业:微潮部分混合河口的沉积物动力学
- 批准号:
9984941 - 财政年份:2000
- 资助金额:
$ 64.4万 - 项目类别:
Continuing Grant
Cross-Shoreface Suspended Sediment Transport: A Response to the Intersection of Nearshore and Shelf Processes
跨岸悬浮沉积物输送:对近岸和陆架过程交叉的响应
- 批准号:
9504198 - 财政年份:1996
- 资助金额:
$ 64.4万 - 项目类别:
Continuing Grant
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