Environmental Conditions and Characteristics of Ice Supersaturated Regions in Deep Convective Clouds and Chemistry (DC3)

在该项目中，通过NSF早期支持开发的最先进的垂直腔面发射激光（VCSEL）湿度计将部署在NSF/NCAR湾流V（GV）研究飞机上，以便在深对流云和化学（DC 3）现场活动期间对水蒸气进行高度准确和精确的测量。 由于其大的水平和垂直范围，GV飞机可以有效地采样外对流层上部和平流层下部。 DC 3野外活动将包括在深对流、砧卷云和非对流卷云等环境中进行广泛的取样。 此外，还将对各种化学和微物理环境进行采样，包括清洁和污染源区。 VCSEL湿度计将提供云下尺度水蒸气的快速测量。这将允许在前所未有的细节水平上研究卷云内外的冰过饱和度。 冰过饱和区域周围的环境条件也将在云到天气尺度上进行探索。 此外，该项目还将继续努力改进对流层上层和平流层下层典型条件下的水汽校准方法。更广泛的影响：该项目将提供机会让高中生参与进来，以吸引他们从事科学和工程职业。 这将与非营利的青年科学成就者计划（YSAP）合作完成，该组织为新泽西州/纽约市代表性不足的学生教师团体提供为期一年的科学项目，并将每个团体与专业导师配对。 调查员、研究生和博士后研究人员将担任导师，参加普林斯顿大学一年一度的“科学日”活动、实验室图尔斯参观以及为教师编写教学材料。

In this project, the state-of-the art Vertical Cavity Surface Emitting Laser (VCSEL) hygrometer, developed through earlier NSF support, will be deployed aboard the NSF/NCAR Gulfstream V (GV) research aircraft to make highly accurate and precise measurements of water vapor during the Deep Convective Clouds and Chemistry (DC3) field campaign. Due to its large horizontal and vertical range, the GV aircraft can efficiently sample the extratropical upper troposphere and lower stratosphere. The DC3 field campaign will include extensive sampling in environments such deep convection, anvil cirrus, and non-convective cirrus. In addition, a wide variety of chemical and microphysical environments will be sampled including clean and polluted source regions. The VCSEL hygrometer will provide fast measurements of water vapor at sub-cloud scales. This will allow for studies of ice supersaturation both inside and outside of cirrus clouds at unprecedented levels of detail. The environmental conditions surrounding ice supersaturated regions will also be explored on a cloud to synoptic scale. Additionally, this project will include continued efforts to improve methods of water vapor calibrations at conditions representative of the upper troposphere and lower stratosphere.Broader Impacts: This project will provide opportunities to involve high school students in order to attract them into science and engineering careers. This will be done in partnership with the non-profit Young Science Achievers Program (YSAP), an organization that funds year-long science projects from underrepresented student-teacher groups in NJ/NYC and pairs each group with a professional mentor. The investigator, graduate students and postdoctoral researchers will act as mentors and participate in an annual "Science Day" at Princeton University, laboratory tours, and the preparation of instructional material for teachers.