IRFP: Air-sea Fluxes of Oxygenated Volatile Organic Compounds for Improving Transfer Velocity Parameterizations and Constraining Oceanic Budgets

IRFP：含氧挥发性有机化合物的海气通量，用于提高传输速度参数化和限制海洋预算

• 批准号: 1064405
• 负责人: Mingxi Yang
• 金额: $ 17.92万
• 依托单位: Yang Mingxi
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 项目类别: Fellowship Award
• 财政年份: 2011
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2011-07-01 至 2014-06-30
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=1064405&HistoricalAwards=false
• 关键词: IRFP; Air; sea; Fluxes; Oxygenated

1064405YangThe International Research Fellowship Program enables U.S. scientists and engineers to conduct nine to twenty-four months of research abroad. The program's awards provide opportunities for joint research, and the use of unique or complementary facilities, expertise and experimental conditions abroad. This award will support a twenty-four-month research fellowship by Dr. Mingxi Yang to work with Dr. Phillip Nightingale at Plymouth Marine Laboratory (PML) in Plymouth and Professor Peter Liss at University of East Anglia (UEA) in Norwich, the United Kingdom. Oxygenated Volatile Organic Compounds (OVOCs), such as alcohols, aldehydes, and ketones, affect the self-cleansing capacity of the atmosphere. The role of the ocean in global budgets of OVOCS remains largely unexplored, mostly due to a paucity of observations in the absence of suitable analytical capabilities. Limited evidence suggests that the ocean is a sink for atmospheric methanol and can act as either a source or a sink for acetone. There is likely to be considerable variability in space and time in the surface water distributions of these compounds, indicating an urgent need for more frequent field observations. PML and UEA have recently developed instrumentations (Flame Ionization Detector - Gas Chromatography (FID-GC)) and Membrane Inlet - Proton Transfer Reaction Mass Spectrometer (PTR-MS)) that can measure a range of OVOCs in air and seawater. With fast sampling capability and rapid response, the PTR-MS is theoretically suitable for measuring the fluxes of OVOCs between air and water directly. This research utilizes these new instrumentations to not only increase the very limited database of seawater and marine air concentrations of OVOCs, but also attempt to measure their air-sea fluxes and determine whether the ocean acts as a source or sink for these compounds. Fluxes of OVOCs with concurrent carbon dioxide (CO2) flux at a stable costal platform are compared, as are measurements from an open ocean research cruise with estimates from a bulk flux model. This research proposes to characterize the role of the ocean for organic compounds directly relevant to air quality, and also improve our understanding in the air-sea exchange of climatically important gases, especially CO2. The ocean has thus far buffered our atmosphere from even higher levels of CO2 and greater warming. Policies on climate change mitigation, which would affect the well being of everybody, hinge on knowing how fast CO2 is transported from the atmosphere to the ocean. Finally, in addition to broadening the research perspective of the principal investigator and foster future collaborations, this project provides potential opportunities for training of a student and external outreach.

国际研究奖学金计划使美国科学家和工程师能够在国外进行9到24个月的研究。该计划的奖项提供了联合研究的机会，以及使用国外独特或互补的设施，专业知识和实验条件。该奖项将支持杨明熙博士与普利茅斯海洋实验室（PML）的菲利普南丁格尔博士和英国诺里奇东英吉利大学（UEA）的彼得利斯教授合作开展为期24个月的研究。含氧挥发性有机化合物（OVOC），如醇，醛和酮，影响大气的自我清洁能力。 海洋在全球OVOCS预算中的作用在很大程度上仍未得到探索，主要是由于缺乏适当的分析能力，观测不足。 有限的证据表明，海洋是大气甲醇的汇，可以作为丙酮的来源或汇。 这些化合物在地表水中的分布在空间和时间上可能有相当大的差异，这表明迫切需要进行更频繁的实地观测。 PML和UEA最近开发了仪器（火焰离子化检测器-气相色谱法（FID-GC）和膜入口-质子转移反应质谱仪（PTR-MS）），可以测量空气和海水中的一系列OVOCs。 该方法采样速度快，响应速度快，理论上适用于直接测量OVOCs在空气和水之间的通量。 这项研究利用这些新的仪器，不仅增加了非常有限的海水和海洋空气中OVOCs浓度的数据库，而且还试图测量它们的海气通量，并确定海洋是否作为这些化合物的源或汇。 通量的OVOCs与并发的二氧化碳（CO2）通量在一个稳定的沿海平台进行比较，是从一个开放的海洋研究巡航的测量与估计从散装通量模型。 这项研究旨在描述海洋对与空气质量直接相关的有机化合物的作用，并提高我们对气候重要气体，特别是CO2的海气交换的理解。 到目前为止，海洋已经缓冲了我们大气层中更高水平的二氧化碳和更大的变暖。 减缓气候变化的政策将影响到每个人的福祉，这取决于了解二氧化碳从大气层到海洋的速度。 最后，除了扩大首席研究员的研究视角和促进未来的合作，该项目提供了潜在的机会，培训学生和对外宣传。