Biomimetic pumping and scalar transport by oscillating plate arrays

1067066 Kiger这项研究的灵感来自蚂蚁若虫，这是一种水生昆虫，它使用7个外部平板对将新鲜的含氧水输送到身体上方，使其能够在局部氧气浓度降低的区域增强呼吸。蚂蚁有趣的一面是，随着它在整个生命周期中的成长，它从以粘性摩擦力为主的泵送状态转变为以惯性为主的状态。传统上，流动是在这些操作条件的两端进行研究的，对该模型的研究将使我们能够改进我们如何设计用于传感器或微反应器应用的高效微泵。拟议工作的目标是绘制出各种运动学(刺板运动)对到附属物表面的质量传输效率的作用。这将使我们能够回答这样的问题，即如何以最佳方式泵送流体以最大限度地采样它？我们将使用在规模化机器人振动板阵列上进行的实验测量以及先进的流固相互作用直接数值模拟(FSI-DNS)相结合的方法来研究与蚂蚁和许多微型化学传感器相关的参数空间范围内的问题。智力优势：两个基本的流体力学问题将通过询问(1)振荡元件阵列可以有效地最大化泵浦电流的体积流量或阵列表面的物种质量通量来解决，当阵列在粘性为主和惯性为主之间转换时？2)振动附着泵(或更一般的任何拍打运动)的性能如何受结构灵活性和流固耦合作用所决定的耦合响应的影响？更广泛的影响：拟议工作的成功完成将提供计算工具、设计约束和指导方针，以产生具有最小能量消耗的振荡平板阵列的泵浦电流。这些工具和观测将直接有益于泵在微型系统中的应用，如微型实验室化学分析设备的自主化学传感器，并间接有益于其他拍打系统，如微型飞行器或微型水上机器人。

1067066KigerThe work is inspired by the mayfly nymph, which is an aquatic insect that uses array of 7 external plate pairs to pump fresh oxygenated water over its body, allowing it to enhance its respiration in regions of locally reduced oxygen concentration. The interesting aspect of the mayfly is that as it grows through its life-cycle, it moves from a regime where the pumping is dominated by viscous frictional forces to one where it is dominated by inertia. Traditionally, flows have been studied at the extreme ends of these operating conditions, and study of this model will allow us to improve how we design efficient micropumps for sensor or micro-reactor applications.The objective of the proposed work is to map out the role of various kinematics (motion of the gill plates) on the efficiency of the mass transport to the surface of the appendages. This will allow us to answer questions such as, How can one optimally pump a fluid stream to maximally sample it? We will use a combination of experimental measurement conducted on a scaled robotic oscillating plate array, as well as advanced Fluid-Solid Interaction Direct Numerical Simulation (FSI-DNS) to study the problem across a range of parametric space relevant to both mayflies and many micro-chemical sensors.Intellectual Merit: Two fundamental fluid mechanics problems will be addressed by asking (1) What mechanisms can an array of oscillating elements effectively maximize either the volume flowrate of a pumped current or the species mass flux to the array surface, as the array transitions between a viscous-dominated and an inertia-dominated regime? 2) How is the performance of an oscillating appendage pump (or more generally any flapping locomotor) affected by structural flexibility and the coupled response dictated by the fluid-structure interaction?Broader Impact: The successful completion of the proposed work will provide computational tools, design constraints and guidelines for producing a pumped current with a oscillating array of plates with a minimal amount of energy expenditure. These tools and observations will be of direct benefit to applications of pumping in micro-systems, such autonomous chemical sensors of micro lab-on-achip chemical analysis devices, and indirect benefit to other flapping systems such as micro-aerial vehicles or miniature aquatic robots.