Collaborative Research: Fluorochemical Signatures in Municipal Waste and Landfill Leachate

合作研究:城市废物和垃圾渗滤液中的氟化物特征

基本信息

  • 批准号:
    1067144
  • 负责人:
  • 金额:
    $ 20.49万
  • 依托单位:
  • 依托单位国家:
    美国
  • 项目类别:
    Continuing Grant
  • 财政年份:
    2011
  • 资助国家:
    美国
  • 起止时间:
    2011-04-01 至 2015-03-31
  • 项目状态:
    已结题

项目摘要

Collaborative Proposal 1067144 PI Field/1066769 PI BarlazFluorochemicals are now detected in both humans and wildlife, as well as in aquatic, terrestrial, and atmospheric environments. The unique characteristics of fluorocarbon chains make them useful in a wide range of applications yet resistant to abiotic and biological degradation. Perfluorooctane sulfonate (PFOS) is not degraded by any known natural processes. The majority of fluorochemicals are applied to solid surfaces (e.g., carpets, textiles, paper) and these products are typically disposed of in landfills; however, virtually nothing is known about the processes that release fluorochemicals into leachate. In modern landfills, leachate is routed to wastewater treatment plants; however, fluorochemicals are not attenuated during wastewater treatment. For the thousands of older, closed landfills that were constructed without leachate collection systems, leachate is often released to groundwater. Research is critically needed to understand the role that landfills play as point sources of fluorochemicals in the environment.Hypothesis 1 is that fluorochemicals in landfills are released from refuse by physical leaching and by anaerobic biodegradation of the fluorocarbon-containing solids. Hypothesis 2 is that carpet, textiles, and paper are the primary sources of fluorochemicals and that the fluorochemical ?signature? of refuse can be used to differentiate landfills from other inputs to surface water such as municipal wastewater effluent. Hypothesis 3 is that landfills represent a long-term source of fluorochemicals and are a significant component of our nation?s fluorochemical inventory. Controlled laboratory experiments, field sampling and a model will be used to assess our hypotheses. Objective 1 is to quantify the concentration and composition of fluorochemicals released from refuse and refuse components by leaching and biodegradation of these refuse components. Experiments will be conducted in controlled landfill simulation reactors under both abiotic and biologically active anaerobic conditions. Quantitative data on individual fluorochemicals and the total oxidizable precursors that form dead-end, persistent fluorochemical forms including PFOS and PFOA will be obtained. The data will be used to identify the types of refuse that release individual fluorochemicals and their precursors and enable us to rationalize the fluorochemical ?signatures? of leachates. Objective 2 is to characterize fluorochemical concentrations in leachate. Leachates from a representative cross section of U.S. landfills will be analyzed to assess the effects of refuse age, climate, and landfill operating strategy. Objective 3 is to estimate the mass of fluorochemicals released to engineered (e.g., wastewater treatment plants) and natural (e.g., groundwater) systems on a national scale using an inventory model developed in this research.Intellectual Merit: This proposal represents the first effort to quantitatively evaluate the processes occurring within landfills that result in fluorochemical release and the relative importance of solid waste as a source of fluorochemicals. This project will (1) quantify the processes that result in fluorochemicals in landfill leachate, (2) establish the components of municipal refuse that release fluorochemicals, and (3) establish the basis for quantifying the degree to which landfills are long-term repositories and point sources of fluorochemicals released to engineered and natural aquatic systems. In terms of the broader impacts, this research will resonate with a public that is increasingly aware of trace organic chemicals in consumer products and in the environment. The PIs will capitalize on this awareness by developing a well-publicized web site that relates everyday items such as fast-food take-out boxes and stain resistant textiles to environmental engineering and chemistry. The proposed research will allow one Ph.D. student at each institution to participate in a high-profile project that involves collaboration between two universities. The inventory model will provide an estimate of fluorochemical release to the environment as well as a means for exploring uncertainty in this estimate that will be useful for regulators who must prioritize fluorochemical control efforts. The inventory model will also be useful for the assessment of other releases from landfills as data become available and will serve as a starting point for extension of this work globally.
合作提案1067144 PI Field/1066769 PI Baraz目前在人类和野生动物以及水生、陆地和大气环境中检测到含氟化合物。 碳氟化合物链的独特特性使其在广泛的应用中有用,但对非生物和生物降解具有抗性。 全氟辛烷磺酸不会通过任何已知的自然过程降解。大多数含氟化合物被应用于固体表面(例如,地毯、纺织品、纸张),这些产品通常在垃圾填埋场处置;然而,实际上对将含氟化合物释放到沥滤液中的过程一无所知。在现代垃圾填埋场,渗滤液被送往废水处理厂;然而,含氟化合物在废水处理过程中不会衰减。 对于数以千计的没有渗滤液收集系统的较旧的封闭式垃圾填埋场,渗滤液往往被释放到地下水中。研究是迫切需要了解的作用,垃圾填埋场作为点源的氟化物在environment.Hypothesis 1是,在垃圾填埋场的氟化物释放的物理浸出和厌氧生物降解的含氟碳化合物的固体。 假设2是地毯、纺织品和纸张是含氟化合物的主要来源,含氟化合物?签名?垃圾的浓度可以用来区分垃圾填埋场和其他地表水输入,如城市废水。 假设3:垃圾填埋场是含氟化合物的长期来源,是我们国家的重要组成部分?的含氟化合物清单。控制实验室实验,现场采样和模型将被用来评估我们的假设。目的1是量化从垃圾和垃圾组分中通过浸出和生物降解释放的氟化合物的浓度和组成。实验将在非生物和生物活性厌氧条件下在受控填埋模拟反应器中进行。将获得关于各种含氟化学品和可氧化前体总量的定量数据,这些前体可形成包括全氟辛烷磺酸和全氟辛酸在内的死端持久性含氟化学品形式。这些数据将被用来确定释放个别含氟化合物及其前体的垃圾类型,使我们能够合理化含氟化合物?签名?的沥滤物。目标2是表征渗滤液中的氟化合物浓度。将分析美国垃圾填埋场代表性截面的渗滤液,以评估垃圾年龄,气候和垃圾填埋场运营策略的影响。目标3是估计释放到工程中的含氟化合物的质量(例如,废水处理厂)和天然(例如,智力优点:这一建议代表了第一次努力定量评估过程中发生的填埋场,导致氟化物的释放和相对重要性的固体废物作为一个来源的氟化物。该项目将(1)量化导致垃圾渗滤液中含氟化合物的过程,(2)确定释放含氟化合物的城市垃圾成分,以及(3)建立量化垃圾填埋场作为长期储存库和释放到工程和自然水生系统的含氟化合物点源的程度的基础。 就更广泛的影响而言,这项研究将引起公众的共鸣,公众越来越意识到消费品和环境中的微量有机化学品。PI将利用这种意识,开发一个广为宣传的网站,将快餐外卖盒和防污纺织品等日常用品与环境工程和化学联系起来。这项研究将允许一名博士。每个机构学生参加一个涉及两所大学合作的高知名度项目。库存模型将提供一个估计的氟化物释放到环境中,以及一种手段,探索这种估计的不确定性,这将是有用的监管机构谁必须优先考虑氟化物控制工作。随着数据的获得,清单模型还将有助于评估填埋场的其他排放,并将作为在全球范围内扩大这项工作的起点。

项目成果

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Jennifer Field其他文献

Assessing Potential Bias in PFAS Concentrations in Groundwater and Surface Water Samples
评估地下水和地表水样品中 PFAS 浓度的潜在偏差
  • DOI:
  • 发表时间:
    2024
  • 期刊:
  • 影响因子:
    0
  • 作者:
    Tom Wanzek;Hannah McIntyre;Elisabeth Hawley;Rula Deeb;Dorin Bogdan;Charles Shaefer;Bill DiGuiseppi;Amanda Struse;Trever Schwichtenberg;Jennifer Field
  • 通讯作者:
    Jennifer Field

Jennifer Field的其他文献

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{{ truncateString('Jennifer Field', 18)}}的其他基金

Reliable quantification of emerging contaminant mass flows in wastewater systems - combining predictive modeling & novel field approaches
废水系统中新兴污染物质量流量的可靠量化 - 结合预测模型
  • 批准号:
    1132954
  • 财政年份:
    2011
  • 资助金额:
    $ 20.49万
  • 项目类别:
    Standard Grant
RESEARCH INITIATION AWARD: In-Situ Transformation and Transport of Surfactants in Sewage-Contaminated Groundwater
研究启动奖:污水污染地下水中表面活性剂的原位转化和运移
  • 批准号:
    9409171
  • 财政年份:
    1994
  • 资助金额:
    $ 20.49万
  • 项目类别:
    Continuing Grant

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