EAGER: Understanding the Role of Turbulent Eddy Composition in Stream Ecosystem Services: Application of in-situ PIV to Habitat Selection Studies

提案标题：了解湍流涡旋组成在溪流生态系统服务中的作用：原位PIV在栖息地选择研究中的应用首席研究员：Hans TriticoInstitution: Youngstown州立大学提案号：1102088这个EAGER提案的目的是证明原位粒子图像测速（PIV）技术在解决实验室中难以回答的流体力学问题中的适用性。这种适用性将通过将涡流组成与鱼类栖息地选择联系起来来证明。尽管湍流在河流环境中的普遍存在和重要性，但缺乏对河流湍流涡流组成（涡流直径、涡度和方向）的精确测量。原位PIV通过使用同步便携式激光和成像系统，将实验室粒子图像测速扩展到现场。结果是二维矢量场的时间序列，可以用来描述河流中漩涡的大小、方向、分布和旋转强度。这些湍流涡流指标将收集在棕鳟鱼被观察站持有在河流的位置。该结果将首次描述褐鳟选择的栖息地的涡流特征。将鳟鱼栖息地的涡流特征与未被鱼占据的区域进行比较，以便也描述鱼主动选择反对的栖息地。这个项目的好处是：(1)展示了一项新技术在河流研究中的适用性；(2)增加了对湍流与鱼类栖息地选择之间相互作用的理解；(3)改进了河流恢复设计，增加了生物多样性。这项工作将为研究人员提供一种理解河流过程的新方法。虽然要研究的具体过程是鱼类栖息地选择，但所演示的方法将适用于对营养混合、沉积物运输和湍流关闭算法等多种领域感兴趣的研究人员。这项研究将由来自扬斯敦州立大学的研究人员进行，该大学是一所主要的本科机构（PUI），其中包括一名pi，一名工科本科生，一名生态学本科生和一名扬斯敦市高中生。除了上述目标外，本研究还将使两名本科生和一名高中生接触到STEM领域的跨学科研究机会。布鲁斯·汉密尔顿项目主任环境可持续性10/16/10

Proposal Title: Understanding the Role of Turbulent Eddy Composition in Stream Ecosystem Services: Application of in-situ PIV to Habitat Selection StudiesPrincipal Investigator: Hans TriticoInstitution: Youngstown state UniversityProposal No: 1102088The objective of this EAGER proposal is to demonstrate the applicability of in-situ particle image velocimetry (PIV) technology to addressing fluid mechanics questions that are difficult to answer in the laboratory. This applicability will be demonstrated by linking eddy composition to fish habitat selection. Despite the ubiquity and importance of turbulence in the fluvial environment, accurate measures of turbulent eddy composition (eddy diameter, vorticity, and orientation) in rivers are lacking. In-situ PIV extends laboratory particle image velocimetry to the field by using synchronized portable laser and imaging systems. The result is a temporal series of two-dimensional vector fields that can then be used to describe the size, orientation, distribution, and rotational strength of eddies in a river. These turbulent eddy metrics will be collected at locations where brown trout are observed station holding in a river. The results will, for the first time, describe the eddy characteristics of habitat selected by brown trout. The eddy characteristics of trout habitat will be compared to regions not occupied by the fish in order to also describe the habitat the fish are actively choosing against. The benefits of this project will be: (1) demonstration of the applicability of a new technology to fluvial research, (2) increased understanding of the interaction between turbulence and fish habitat selection, and (3) improved stream restoration designs that increase biodiversity. The proposed work will provide researchers with a novel method for understanding fluvial processes. While the specific process to be investigated is fish habitat selection, the demonstrated method will be applicable to researchers interested in fields as diverse as nutrient mixing, sediment transport, and turbulence closure algorithms. This research will be conducted by researchers from Youngstown State University, a primarily undergraduate institution (PUI), who include the P.I., one undergraduate engineering student, one undergraduate ecology student, and one Youngstown City high school student. In addition to the objectives outlined above, this research will expose two undergraduate and one high school student to interdisciplinary research opportunities in STEM fields.Bruce HamiltonProgram DirectorEnvironmental Sustainability10/16/10