Fluctuations, Resonances, and Critical Phenomena

波动、共振和关键现象

• 批准号: 1104596
• 负责人: Michael Aizenman
• 金额: $ 57.3万
• 依托单位: Princeton University
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 项目类别: Continuing Grant
• 财政年份: 2011
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2011-09-01 至 2014-08-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=1104596&HistoricalAwards=false
• 关键词: Fluctuations; Resonances; Critical; Phenomena

This research will address fundamental issues concerning quantum dynamics in the presence of disorder, and topics related to critical phenomena in statistical mechanics. One of the outstanding challenges is to develop mathematical tools for the analysis of the extended states and conduction in the presence of disorder. Of particular interest is the possibility of the localization - delocalization transition in systems of interacting particles. The work will build on the progress which was recently made by the PI which showed that in certain situations extended states emerge through tunneling facilitated by resonances between well separated localization centers. In the area of Statistical Mechanics, research will be resumed into critical phenomena, in particular at critical dimensions. The goal is to resolve some unsettled questions, in particular in relation to the phi(4d) field theory. The well known non-perturbative results on this topic did not yet address conclusively the critical dimension d = 4. Research will also be directed at clarifying the possible existence of a novel type of transition, at which the nature of the coupling of the local order parameter to the quenched disorder in d = 2 dimensional systems may change as the disorder strength is varied. The PI's past work on this subject included proof, jointly with J. Wehr, of the rounding effect of the disorder, and the recent extension of this to quantum systems, done jointly with R. Greenberg and J. L. Lebowitz. The envisioned research is expected to combine the perspectives of Probability (fluctuation analysis and large deviation theory) and Analysis (Hp function spaces and operator theory) for results which are of interest for Physics. As was demonstrated in the past, the challenge of shedding light on issues of physics enriches also fields of mathematics. This grant includes funds for a graduate student and a postdoc, and for the continuation of fruitful collaborations. These are highly valuable both for the proposed research and for the training component of the work. The PI's past work has contributed to the professional development of a number of men and women who are now active researchers in related fields, and this project will continue to serve that role as well. The research results will be presented through publications, lectures and workshops. The PI has assisted in the organization of meetings.

这项研究将解决有关量子动力学在无序存在的基本问题，并在统计力学的临界现象相关的主题。其中一个突出的挑战是发展数学工具的扩展状态的分析和存在的障碍传导。特别令人感兴趣的是相互作用粒子系统中局域化-离域化转变的可能性。这项工作将建立在PI最近取得的进展的基础上，该进展表明，在某些情况下，扩展态通过隧道效应出现，这是由分离良好的本地化中心之间的共振促成的。在统计力学领域，研究将恢复到临界现象，特别是在临界尺寸。目标是解决一些悬而未决的问题，特别是与phi（4d）场论有关的问题。关于这一主题的众所周知的非微扰结果还没有决定性地解决临界尺寸d = 4。研究还将致力于澄清可能存在的一种新类型的过渡，在d = 2维系统中的局部序参数的耦合淬火无序的性质可能会随着无序强度的变化而变化。PI过去在这个问题上的工作包括与J. Wehr联合证明无序的舍入效应，以及最近与R. Greenberg和J.L.莱博维茨预期的研究预计将联合收割机结合概率（波动分析和大偏差理论）和分析（Hp函数空间和算子理论）的观点，获得物理学感兴趣的结果。正如过去所证明的那样，揭示物理问题的挑战也丰富了数学领域。这笔赠款包括一名研究生和一名博士后的资金，以及继续进行富有成效的合作的资金。这些对拟议的研究和工作的培训部分都非常有价值。PI过去的工作促进了一些男性和女性的专业发展，他们现在是相关领域的活跃研究人员，该项目也将继续发挥这一作用。研究成果将通过出版物、讲座和讲习班进行介绍。PI协助组织会议。