DISSERTATION RESEARCH: Elucidating stoichiometric and biogeochemical consequences of soil heterotrophic bacterial life history strategies

论文研究：阐明土壤异养细菌生活史策略的化学计量和生物地球化学后果

• 批准号: 1110513
• 负责人: Sarah Hobbie
• 金额: $ 1.5万
• 依托单位: University of Minnesota-Twin Cities
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 项目类别: Standard Grant
• 财政年份: 2011
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2011-06-01 至 2014-05-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=1110513&HistoricalAwards=false
• 关键词: DISSERTATION; RESEARCH; Elucidating; stoichiometric; biogeochemical

Mechanistic understanding of the relationship between microbial community structure and ecosystem function is the key to moving microbial ecology from an observation-based to a hypothesis-driven science. This project adapts a life history strategy framework developed in plants and animals to microbial ecology to enable mechanistic, hypothesis-driven examination of soil bacterial response to changes in environmental conditions. By examining individual species of soil bacteria and taking a whole-organism approach, this project investigates the role of tradeoffs between growth rate and efficiency on the nutrient requirements and biogeochemical consequences of growth across a diverse range of soil bacteria. This holistic approach allows generalizations to emerge from patterns in traits and genome allocation effectively defining bacterial life history strategies. Life history strategies allow generation of hypotheses at both the individual organism and bacterial community levels.Soil bacteria are responsible for the processing and recycling of the majority of C fixed in terrestrial environments. By defining life history strategies this project deepens understanding of the effects of changes in environmental conditions on soil microbial community dynamics and feedbacks affecting other ecosystem processes. The generalizations discovered in this project promise to be applicable not only in the field of ecosystem ecology, but anywhere understanding the mechanistic basis of microbial community function is important including bioremediation, synthetic ecology, and human health microbiology.

从机制上理解微生物群落结构和生态系统功能之间的关系是将微生物生态学从以观察为基础的科学转变为以假说为驱动的科学的关键。该项目使在植物和动物中开发的生活史战略框架适应微生物生态学，以实现对土壤细菌对环境条件变化的反应的机械性、假说驱动的检查。通过研究土壤细菌的个别种类并采取整体的方法，该项目调查了生长速度和效率之间的权衡对不同范围的土壤细菌生长的营养需求和生物地球化学后果的作用。这种整体的方法允许从特征和基因组分配的模式中产生概括，有效地定义细菌的生活史策略。生活史策略允许在个体有机体和细菌群落水平上产生假说。土壤细菌负责处理和回收陆地环境中固定的大部分碳。通过定义生活史战略，该项目加深了对环境条件变化对土壤微生物群落动态的影响以及影响其他生态系统过程的反馈的理解。在这个项目中发现的概括不仅适用于生态系统生态学领域，而且在任何地方理解微生物群落功能的机制基础都是重要的，包括生物修复、合成生态学和人类健康微生物学。