LTREB: Testing Paradigms About Plant Functional Responses to Environmental Change

LTREB：测试植物对环境变化的功能反应的范例

• 批准号: 1753859
• 负责人: Sarah Hobbie
• 金额: $ 39.88万
• 依托单位: University of Minnesota-Twin Cities
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 项目类别: Continuing Grant
• 财政年份: 2018
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2018-06-01 至 2023-05-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=1753859&HistoricalAwards=false
• 关键词: LTREB; Testing; Paradigms; About; Plant

Long-term ecological experiments are needed that simulate the conditions of the future so that scientists can study their potential impacts on ecological communities. This study uses a 20-year old, field experiment, called BioCON, that raises the carbon dioxide concentrations in the atmosphere above prairie plant communities to levels that are expected to occur later in this century. The experiment is designed to study how higher carbon dioxide levels in the atmosphere affects the growth of different kinds of plants. The experiment is also designed to understand how the availability of soil nitrogen, an important nutrient that plants need to grow, influences the ability of plants to take up higher levels of carbon dioxide during photosynthesis. Data from the study will be made publicly available through the Cedar Creek, Long Term Ecological Research website. BioCON is visited by over 2500 K-12 students and teachers annually, including teachers of Native American students. College students work and learn how to carry out their own research projects in BioCON each summer. New K-12 lesson plans as well as videos for the sustainability science themed YouTube Channel MinuteEarth will be developed that specifically feature new knowledge gained from BioCON. Through continued measurements of functional group and functional group mixture responses to carbon dioxide (CO2) and nitrogen treatments, this study will test two kinds of hypotheses. The first set uses a functional trait classification framework to develop predictions regarding direct functional group responses to eCO2 and N (i.e., responses expected in the absence of soil-mediated feedbacks, species interactions, or interactions with stochastic or directional changes in climate). The second set posits that long-term outcomes will diverge from predictions based on expected direct responses because of modifying processes, involving physiological acclimation, functional group effects on aboveground and belowground resource supply and soil pH, and interactions between treatments and variation in climate. The long-lived perennials in BioCON have not yet equilibrated in their response to CO2 and N, exhibiting interactions with year-to-year variation in climate and generating soil-mediated feedbacks. In BioCON, across 20 years, C4 species have become increasingly productive under high CO2 whereas the benefit of CO2 has gradually disappeared for C3 species, contradicting current theory. Understanding these divergent responses and whether they will continue is a major focus of the study, along with understanding the role of functional groups with respect to other long-term processes relevant to ecosystems under global environmental change, including productivity, decomposition, nutrient cycling, and water fluxes.This award reflects NSF's statutory mission and has been deemed worthy of support through evaluation using the Foundation's intellectual merit and broader impacts review criteria.

需要进行模拟未来条件的长期生态实验，以便科学家能够研究其对生态群落的潜在影响。这项研究使用了一项名为BioCON的20年历史的实地实验，该实验将草原植物群落上方大气中的二氧化碳浓度提高到预计在本世纪晚些时候发生的水平。该实验旨在研究大气中较高的二氧化碳水平如何影响不同种类植物的生长。该实验还旨在了解土壤氮的可用性，这是植物生长所需的重要营养素，如何影响植物在光合作用期间吸收更高水平二氧化碳的能力。研究数据将通过雪松溪长期生态研究网站公开提供。BioCON每年有超过2500名K-12学生和教师参观，其中包括美国原住民学生的教师。大学生工作，并学习如何开展自己的研究项目在生物每年夏天。新的K-12课程计划以及以可持续发展科学为主题的YouTube频道MinuteEarth的视频将专门以BioCON获得的新知识为特色。本研究将通过连续测定功能团和功能团混合物对二氧化碳和氮处理的反应，检验两种假设。第一组使用功能特质分类框架来开发关于对eCO 2和N的直接功能组响应的预测（即，在没有土壤介导的反馈、物种相互作用或与气候随机或定向变化的相互作用的情况下预期的反应）。第二组假设，长期的结果将偏离预测的基础上预期的直接反应，因为修改过程，涉及生理驯化，功能组对地上和地下资源供应和土壤pH值的影响，以及治疗和气候变化之间的相互作用。BioCON中的长寿多年生植物对CO2和N的反应尚未达到平衡，表现出与气候年复一年变化的相互作用，并产生土壤介导的反馈。在BioCON中，20年来，C4物种在高CO2下的生产力越来越高，而C3物种的CO2效益逐渐消失，这与当前的理论相矛盾。了解这些不同的反应以及它们是否会继续下去，是研究的一个主要重点，沿着也是了解功能群体在全球环境变化下与生态系统有关的其他长期进程中的作用，包括生产力、分解、养分循环、该奖项反映了NSF的法定使命，并被认为是值得通过评估使用基金会的知识优点和更广泛的影响审查标准。

项目成果

Limited evidence for spatial resource partitioning across temperate grassland biodiversity experiments

• DOI: 10.1002/ecy.2905
• 发表时间: 2019-11-06
• 期刊: ECOLOGY
• 影响因子: 4.8
• 作者: Barry, Kathryn E.;van Ruijven, Jasper;Weigelt, Alexandra
• 通讯作者: Weigelt, Alexandra

Leguminous plants significantly increase soil nitrogen cycling across global climates and ecosystem types

• DOI: 10.1111/gcb.16742
• 发表时间: 2023-04
• 期刊: Global Change Biology
• 影响因子: 11.6
• 作者: Xiaomei Gou;P. Reich;L. Qiu;M. Shao;G. Wei;Jingjing Wang;Xiaorong Wei

Water availability modifies productivity response to biodiversity and nitrogen in long‐term grassland experiments

在长期草原实验中，水的可用性改变了生产力对生物多样性和氮的响应

• DOI: 10.1002/eap.2363
• 发表时间: 2021
• 期刊: Ecological Applications
• 影响因子: 5
• 作者: Kazanski, Clare E.;Cowles, Jane;Dymond, Salli;Clark, Adam T.;David, Aaron S.;Jungers, Jacob M.;Kendig, Amy E.;Riggs, Charlotte E.;Trost, Jared;Wei, Xiaojing
• 通讯作者: Wei, Xiaojing

Global patterns and controls of soil nematode responses to nitrogen enrichment: A meta-analysis

• DOI: 10.1016/j.soilbio.2021.108433
• 发表时间: 2021-12
• 期刊: Soil Biology and Biochemistry
• 影响因子: 9.7
• 作者: Qingqiu Zhou;Yangzhou Xiang;Debao Li;Xianzhen Luo;Jianping Wu

Responses of nitrogen concentrations and pools to multiple environmental change drivers: A meta‐analysis across terrestrial ecosystems

• DOI: 10.1111/geb.12884
• 发表时间: 2019-05
• 期刊: Global Ecology and Biogeography
• 影响因子: 6.4
• 作者: Kai Yue;Yan Peng;D. Fornara;Koenraad Van Meerbeek;L. Vesterdal;Wanqin Yang;C. Peng;B. Tan;W. Zhou