Expanding Application of Proteomics-based Research in Archaeological Residue Analysis

扩大基于蛋白质组学的研究在考古残留物分析中的应用

• 批准号: 1112615
• 负责人: Steve Wolverton
• 金额: $ 9.74万
• 依托单位: University of North Texas
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 项目类别: Standard Grant
• 财政年份: 2011
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2011-07-01 至 2014-12-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=1112615&HistoricalAwards=false
• 关键词: Expanding; Application; Proteomics; based; Research

With National Science Foundation support, Dr Steve Wolverton and a team of archaeologists, analytical chemists, and proteomic biologists will do burial experiments with modern cooking pottery and research on archaeological pottery to evaluate the role of variability in climate, soil, and ceramic paste on the preservation of food protein residues. This project builds on previous research funded by NSF in which the same team addressed which types of solvents and physical conditions work best for extraction of protein residues from cooking pottery. Protein residues offer distinctive advantages over other types of food residues in that they bind to clay in pottery walls, which enhances preservation, and that proteins can often be identified to species or perhaps even to tissue. An important hurdle is that factors that mediate long-term preservation of protein residues have not been well studied, the focus of this project in both experimental and archaeological settings.This research is important because it will provide a new set of tools which will allow archaeologists to examine previously inaccessible aspects of past culture. It will help to reconstruct past subsistence patterns and provide insight into how populations adapted to the environments in which they lived. Residue analysis in general has lacked for detailed studies of method development. In terms of intellectual merit, the high potential of protein residues to provide precise data on what people cooked in pots in the past makes experimental replication of methods an essential process. Production of reliable analytical approaches and knowledge of conditions in which proteins are more and less likely to preserve will greatly amplify or current knowledge of protein residues from ancient foods.This project involves students and professionals from Argentina and the United States, from a museum (Argentina), a non-profit public-education/archaeological research firm (US), and universities (US). The nature of the work is highly interdisciplinary, incorporating professionals with specialties in archaeology, ceramic petrography, material science, chemistry, and biology. The project will fund a graduate student for two academic years to work with this interdisciplinary team. Results will be published in scholarly journals and will be presented at academic conferences and in classroom settings.

在国家科学基金会的支持下，史蒂夫·沃尔弗顿博士和一个由考古学家、分析化学家和蛋白质组生物学家组成的团队将利用现代烹饪陶器进行埋葬实验，并对考古陶器进行研究，以评估气候、土壤和陶瓷糊的变化对食物蛋白质残留物保存的作用。该项目建立在美国国家科学基金会资助的先前研究的基础上，在该研究中，同一团队研究了哪种类型的溶剂和物理条件最适合从烹饪陶器中提取蛋白质残留物。 与其他类型的食物残留物相比，蛋白质残留物具有独特的优势，因为它们与陶器壁中的粘土结合，从而增强了保存性，并且蛋白质通常可以被识别为物种甚至组织。 一个重要的障碍是，介导蛋白质残留物长期保存的因素尚未得到充分研究，而这正是该项目在实验和考古环境中的重点。这项研究很重要，因为它将提供一套新的工具，使考古学家能够检查过去文化中以前无法访问的方面。它将有助于重建过去的生存模式，并深入了解人们如何适应他们居住的环境。残留物分析总体上缺乏对方法开发的详细研究。 就智力价值而言，蛋白质残留物具有提供有关人们过去在锅中烹饪食物的精确数据的巨大潜力，这使得方法的实验复制成为一个重要的过程。 制定可靠的分析方法和了解蛋白质更容易保存和不太可能保存的条件将极大地增强对古代食物中蛋白质残留物的现有知识。该项目涉及来自阿根廷和美国、博物馆（阿根廷）、非营利性公共教育/考古研究公司（美国）和大学（美国）的学生和专业人士。 这项工作的性质是高度跨学科的，汇集了考古学、陶瓷岩相学、材料科学、化学和生物学领域的专业人士。 该项目将资助一名研究生两个学年，与这个跨学科团队一起工作。 结果将发表在学术期刊上，并将在学术会议和课堂上展示。