Evolutionary convergence or parallelism? Examining recurrent patterns of phenotypic evolution in marine scallops

进化收敛还是并行？

• 批准号: 1118884
• 负责人: Jeanne Serb
• 金额: $ 60万
• 依托单位: Iowa State University
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 项目类别: Continuing Grant
• 财政年份: 2011
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2011-08-01 至 2015-07-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=1118884&HistoricalAwards=false
• 关键词: Evolutionary; convergence; parallelism; Examining; recurrent

How fast do organisms evolve in nature and what patterns of change are commonly observed? This project addresses both of these fundamental questions using an integrated approach to examine patterns of morphological change in a large group of non-vertebrate taxa (scallops). A primary goal is to use DNA sequence data to reconstruct the relationships among nearly 200 scallop species. Cutting edge, three-dimensional scanning technology will then be used to measure differences in shell shape (which relate to scallop ecology), and the tree of relationships among species will be utilized to retrace the history of morphological diversification in the group. Patterns of repeated evolution (convergence) will be identified, and the rate of morphological evolution will be compared among groups to determine how fast organisms change in different ecological settings. This project provides considerable educational experiences for undergraduate and graduate students, including research excursions to the Smithsonian Institution, reciprocal training between laboratories with distinct research emphases, and a research-in-education exchange that includes students from a small college and students attending a large research university. The project will employ six persons, including two graduate students, and two undergraduates. Every effort will be made to communicate research findings via articles and public presentations, all of which will include student participants.

生物在自然界中进化的速度有多快，通常观察到的变化模式是什么？本计画针对这两个基本问题，以整合的方式检视一大群非脊椎动物分类群（扇贝）的形态变化模式。主要目标是利用DNA序列数据重建近200种扇贝之间的关系。然后将使用尖端的三维扫描技术来测量贝壳形状的差异（这与扇贝生态有关），并将利用物种间关系树来追溯该群体形态多样化的历史。将确定重复进化（趋同）的模式，并将比较各组之间的形态进化速度，以确定生物体在不同生态环境中的变化速度。该项目为本科生和研究生提供了相当多的教育经验，包括史密森学会的研究旅行，具有不同研究重点的实验室之间的相互培训，以及包括来自小型学院的学生和参加大型研究型大学的学生的教育交流研究。该项目将雇用六名人员，包括两名研究生和两名本科生。 将尽一切努力通过文章和公开演讲，所有这些都将包括学生参与交流研究结果。