Testing the costs and benefits of polyandry using twelve Drosophila species

使用十二种果蝇测试一妻多夫制的成本和效益

• 批准号: 1121797
• 负责人: Patricia Gowaty
• 金额: $ 44.9万
• 依托单位: Smithsonian Institution
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 项目类别: Continuing Grant
• 财政年份: 2012
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2012-01-15 至 2016-12-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=1121797&HistoricalAwards=false
• 关键词: Testing; costs; benefits; polyandry; using

Why do some reproductive patterns persist despite their costs to the health of females? The evolutionary consequences of social behavior variation of nonhuman-animal females are unknown, but important for understanding why some patterns of mating within populations are more common than others. The investigators will complete a comparative experimental study of behavioral and demographic variation of females in multiple species of Drosophila (model organisms) for which phylogenetic relationships and ecology are known, but social and mating behavior unknown. The investigators will collect flies from the wild, culture them and perform controlled experiments in the laboratory to evaluate whether multiple matings confer benefits to the health of females and their offspring; females will be allowed to mate only one time or multiple times with one or multiple males and the health of the females and their offspring will be measured. Data will be deposited to an online repository, to FLYBASE, and available in published papers coauthored by undergraduate collaborators, postdoctoral associates, and senior personnel. Undergraduate participants will contribute substantially and collaboratively as research partners to the programmatic enterprise in a broader impacts activity, a scientific research immersion, that is an integrated part of the research, designed to introduce students to experimental research science from project implementation, execution, data acquisition, analysis, primary-report production, and response to the critiques of their colleagues before submission to scientific journals. The study will provide large data sets for efficient testing of hypotheses, producing general insights. Thus, it is important in providing controlled experimental data in comparative perspective about a general puzzle, currently unanswerable in other longer-lived model organisms or humans.

为什么有些生殖模式仍然存在，尽管它们对女性的健康造成了损害？非人-动物女性社会行为变异的进化后果尚不清楚，但对于理解为什么种群内的某些交配模式比其他模式更常见很重要。研究人员将完成一项关于多种果蝇(模式生物)雌性行为和人口统计学差异的对比实验研究，这些物种的系统发育关系和生态已知，但社会和交配行为未知。研究人员将从野外收集苍蝇，对其进行培养，并在实验室进行对照实验，以评估多次交配是否有利于雌性及其后代的健康；雌性将被允许仅与一只或多只雄性交配一次或多次，并将测量雌性及其后代的健康。数据将被存放到一个在线储存库，并在由本科生合作者、博士后助理和高级人员共同撰写的已发表论文中提供。本科生参与者将作为研究伙伴，在更广泛的影响活动中为方案企业做出实质性和协作的贡献，这是研究的一个组成部分，旨在向学生介绍实验研究科学，从项目实施、执行、数据获取、分析、初级报告制作，以及在提交给科学期刊之前对同事的批评做出回应。这项研究将为假设的有效检验提供大量的数据集，从而产生一般性的见解。因此，重要的是从比较的角度提供关于一个普遍难题的受控实验数据，这些难题目前在其他较长寿的模式生物或人类中无法回答。