Testing the costs and benefits of polyandry using twelve Drosophila species

使用十二种果蝇测试一妻多夫制的成本和效益

• 批准号: 1121797
• 负责人: Patricia Gowaty
• 金额: $ 44.9万
• 依托单位: Smithsonian Institution
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 项目类别: Continuing Grant
• 财政年份: 2012
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2012-01-15 至 2016-12-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=1121797&HistoricalAwards=false
• 关键词: Testing; costs; benefits; polyandry; using

Why do some reproductive patterns persist despite their costs to the health of females? The evolutionary consequences of social behavior variation of nonhuman-animal females are unknown, but important for understanding why some patterns of mating within populations are more common than others. The investigators will complete a comparative experimental study of behavioral and demographic variation of females in multiple species of Drosophila (model organisms) for which phylogenetic relationships and ecology are known, but social and mating behavior unknown. The investigators will collect flies from the wild, culture them and perform controlled experiments in the laboratory to evaluate whether multiple matings confer benefits to the health of females and their offspring; females will be allowed to mate only one time or multiple times with one or multiple males and the health of the females and their offspring will be measured. Data will be deposited to an online repository, to FLYBASE, and available in published papers coauthored by undergraduate collaborators, postdoctoral associates, and senior personnel. Undergraduate participants will contribute substantially and collaboratively as research partners to the programmatic enterprise in a broader impacts activity, a scientific research immersion, that is an integrated part of the research, designed to introduce students to experimental research science from project implementation, execution, data acquisition, analysis, primary-report production, and response to the critiques of their colleagues before submission to scientific journals. The study will provide large data sets for efficient testing of hypotheses, producing general insights. Thus, it is important in providing controlled experimental data in comparative perspective about a general puzzle, currently unanswerable in other longer-lived model organisms or humans.

为什么一些生殖模式尽管给女性健康带来了代价，但仍然持续存在？非人类-动物雌性社会行为变异的进化后果尚不清楚，但对于理解为什么种群内的某些交配模式比其他模式更常见很重要。研究人员将完成一项对多种果蝇（模式生物）雌性行为和人口统计变异的比较实验研究，这些果蝇的系统发育关系和生态学已知，但社会和交配行为未知。研究人员将从野外收集果蝇，培养它们，并在实验室进行对照实验，以评估多次交配是否对雌性及其后代的健康有益；雌性只被允许与一名或多名雄性交配一次或多次，并对雌性及其后代的健康状况进行测量。数据将存储到在线存储库 FLYBASE 中，并可在本科生合作者、博士后助理和高级人员共同撰写的已发表论文中获取。本科生参与者将作为研究合作伙伴，在更广泛的影响活动中为项目事业作出重大贡献，即科学研究沉浸，这是研究的一个组成部分，旨在向学生介绍实验研究科学，包括项目实施、执行、数据采集、分析、主要报告制作以及在提交给科学期刊之前对同事的批评的回应。该研究将为有效检验假设提供大量数据集，从而产生一般性见解。因此，从比较的角度提供受控实验数据非常重要，该数据目前在其他长寿模型生物体或人类中无法解答。