Collaborative Research: Pliocene Geology, Geochronology, and Paleontology of Woranso-Mille, Ethiopia

合作研究：埃塞俄比亚沃兰索米勒的上新世地质学、年代学和古生物学

• 批准号: 1124705
• 负责人: Yohannes Ambaye
• 金额: $ 33.05万
• 依托单位: Cleveland Museum of Natural History
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 项目类别: Continuing Grant
• 财政年份: 2011
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2011-09-15 至 2015-08-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=1124705&HistoricalAwards=false
• 关键词: Collaborative; Research; Pliocene; Geology; Geochronology

The research involves multidisciplinary field and laboratory work conducted in the Woranso-Mille study area of the Afar Depression in Ethiopia. The Woranso-Mille paleoanthropological project is relatively new and has started gathering significant fossil hominid specimens from a time period poorly known previously (3.6-3.8 million years ago). This funding supports collaborative research to be conducted by paleontologists, geologists, geochronologists, and paleoecologists from six institutions in the United States and abroad.Scientists from each institution will coordinate their efforts to understand early hominid diversity between 3.0 and 4.0 million years ago, early Australopithecus paleobiology, taxonomy, and phylogenetic relationships, and establish their paleoenvironments. These will be attained by conducting detailed comparative analysis of the Woranso-Mille hominids enhanced by the use of High-resolution x-ray computed tomography, and isotope analysis in order to test whether morphological differences observed for the Woranso-Mille hominids correlate to isotopic variation that are indicative of behavioral and physiological differences. The paleontologists will further conduct faunal collection directed towards increasing the sample size of all fossil taxa at the site to increase biostratigraphic control, refine paleoenvironmental context of the associated hominids, and identify additional fossiliferous localities. Geologists of the project will establish a refined stratigraphic context for the fossils collected from all of the designated vertebrate localities in the northern part of the study area, establish refined stratigraphy and chronometric ages (using 40Ar/39Ar dating and magnetostratigraphy) for the vertebrate localities and associated fossils, and determine stratigraphic correlations across vertebrate localities within the study area and other paleontological sites in the region. The scientific results from this study will answer questions related to mid-Pliocene hominid diversity, generate new data on the paleobiology of early hominids and their paleohabitat, and increase understanding of mid-Pliocene African vertebrate evolution. Broader impacts of this project focus on creating training opportunities for undergraduate and graduate students and postdoctoral fellows.

该研究涉及在埃塞俄比亚阿法尔坳陷Woranso-Mille研究区进行的多学科实地和实验室工作。Woranso-Mille古人类学项目相对较新，已经开始收集重要的原始人类化石标本，这些标本来自一个以前鲜为人知的时期（360万至380万年前）。这笔资金支持来自美国和国外六个机构的古生物学家、地质学家、地质年代学家和古生态学家进行合作研究。来自各机构的科学家将协调他们的工作，了解300万至400万年前早期人类的多样性，早期南方古猿的古生物学，分类学和系统发育关系，并建立他们的古环境。通过使用高分辨率x射线计算机断层扫描和同位素分析，对Woranso-Mille古人类进行详细的比较分析，以测试在Woranso-Mille古人类中观察到的形态差异是否与指示行为和生理差异的同位素变化相关，从而获得这些数据。古生物学家将进一步开展动物群收集，以增加现场所有化石分类群的样本量，以加强生物地层控制，完善相关古人类的古环境背景，并确定更多的化石地点。该项目的地质学家将为研究区北部所有指定脊椎动物地点收集的化石建立精确的地层背景，为脊椎动物地点和相关化石建立精确的地层和年代（使用40Ar/39Ar测年和磁地层学），并确定研究区脊椎动物地点与该地区其他古生物遗址之间的地层相关性。本研究的科学成果将回答有关上新世中期古人类多样性的问题，为早期古人类及其古栖息地的古生物学研究提供新的数据，并增加对上新世中期非洲脊椎动物进化的认识。该项目的更广泛影响集中在为本科生、研究生和博士后创造培训机会。