MRI: Acquisition of an Integrated Volumetric PIV (V3V)/Computer Modeling System for the Study of Biological Phenomena

MRI：获取用于研究生物现象的集成体积 PIV (V3V)/计算机建模系统

• 批准号: 1126234
• 负责人: Robert Seagull
• 金额: $ 36.08万
• 依托单位: Hofstra University
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 项目类别: Standard Grant
• 财政年份: 2011
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2011-09-01 至 2014-08-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=1126234&HistoricalAwards=false
• 关键词: MRI; Acquisition; Integrated; Volumetric; PIV

TECHNICAL DESCRIPTION: Animals and plants reflect the physical properties of the medium in which they live, and variation in anatomy that enhances performance is the basis of natural selection and fitness. However, the insights that nature provides has often been limited by the technology available at the time. To date, the large body of experimental work that has been conducted in the field of hydrodynamics and aerodynamics of organisms has been limited to two dimensions (2D), driven in large part by the use of 2D or planar PIV (Particle Image Velocimetry). Yet the 3D nature of organismal design and fluid movements is what drives the massive diversity of body plans and designs that exist. Attempts have been made to extrapolate 2D information to provide theoretical 3D models of fluid flows resulting from biological systems, thus the precise hydrodynamic advantage of different body shapes or movement patterns remains elusive. One of the most exciting recent developments in the study of fluid flows is a new V3V or Volumetric 3-Component Velocimetry system that uses laser illuminated, neutrally buoyant reflective particles and a three camera system to provide a quantitative visualization of fluid flows in 3D. This research will use the Integrated Volumetric PIV (V3V) computer modeling System (IVCMS) to explore biologically relevant fluid flows in true 3D across a wide range of biological phenomena. The projects are specifically designed to quantitatively understand and visualize in 3D how aquatic organisms perform ecologically relevant tasks that influence fitness. Research topics range from suspension feeding and locomotion in invertebrates to ventilation, feeding and locomotion in aquatic vertebrates; and across multiple scales. The multi-user equipment will increase access to cutting-edge technology by bringing together individuals from multiple disciplines and institutions (including international collaborations). Research programs of all major-users will be greatly enhanced and will foster collaborations that will provide a research-rich environment, and stimulate the flow of progressive biological ideas designed to meet the challenges of science in the 21st century.BROADER SIGNIFICANCE AND IMPORTANCE: Understanding fluid flows in biological systems can provide key insights into biologically-inspired engineering designs. The research will use a state of the art technique to study biologically important and biologically induced fluid flows in true 3D. Reconstructing fluid flows in true 3D has not been possible to date and this system will generate important data that can be used to directly understand how organisms have overcome the challenges of living and moving in water. The system will be located at a Primarily Undergraduate Institution (PUI), and will integrate research and education in an environment that is conducive to the excitement of scientific discovery and student driven research. This modern-day equipment will directly broaden the participation of individuals from underrepresented groups. The proposed research and cutting edge techniques will achieve the goals of providing increased access to the next generation of major instrumentation to both students and advanced level researchers. The results generated are visually appealing and likely to attract more students and retain them in the biological sciences, as well as engage them in exciting and dynamic research. Results from this research can also provide important information to improve the efficiency of aquatic engineering designs.

技术描述：动物和植物反映了它们所生活的媒介的物理性质，解剖学上的变化提高了表现，是自然选择和适应能力的基础。然而，自然提供的洞察力往往受到当时可用的技术的限制。到目前为止，在生物流体动力学和空气动力学领域进行的大量实验工作仅限于二维(2D)，很大程度上是由2D或平面PIV(粒子图像测速)驱动的。然而，生物体设计和流体运动的3D本质推动了现存人体计划和设计的巨大多样性。人们试图外推2D信息以提供生物系统产生的流体流动的理论3D模型，因此不同身体形状或运动模式的精确流体动力学优势仍然难以捉摸。流体流动研究中最令人兴奋的最新发展之一是一种新的V3V或体积三分量测速系统，该系统使用激光照明的中性浮力反射粒子和一个三摄像头系统来提供三维流体流动的定量可视化。这项研究将使用集成体积PIV(V3V)计算机建模系统(IVCMS)来探索各种生物现象中与生物相关的真3D流体流动。这些项目是专门设计的，目的是在3D中定量地理解和可视化水生生物如何执行影响健康的生态相关任务。研究主题从无脊椎动物的悬浮摄食和运动到水生脊椎动物的通风、摄食和运动；以及跨越多个尺度。多用户设备将把来自多个学科和机构(包括国际合作)的个人聚集在一起，从而增加获得尖端技术的机会。所有主要用户的研究计划将得到极大的加强，并将促进合作，提供一个丰富的研究环境，并刺激进步的生物学思想的流动，以应对21世纪的科学挑战。BROADER的意义和重要性：了解生物系统中的流体流动可以为生物启发的工程设计提供关键的见解。这项研究将使用最先进的技术来研究真3D中具有生物重要性和生物诱导的流体流动。到目前为止，在真3D中重建流体流动是不可能的，这个系统将产生重要的数据，可以用来直接了解生物体如何克服在水中生活和移动的挑战。该系统将设在一个以本科生为主的机构(PUI)，并将在一个有利于激发科学发现和学生主导的研究的环境中整合研究和教育。这种现代设备将直接扩大代表不足群体的个人的参与。拟议的研究和尖端技术将实现为学生和高级研究人员提供更多接触下一代主要仪器的机会的目标。产生的结果在视觉上很有吸引力，可能会吸引更多的学生，让他们留在生物科学领域，并让他们参与令人兴奋和充满活力的研究。本研究成果也可为提高水工设计效率提供重要信息。