Deciphering Mechanisms of Prezygotic Reproductive Isolation in Solanum

破译茄属中合子前生殖隔离的机制

基本信息

  • 批准号:
    1127059
  • 负责人:
  • 金额:
    $ 464.31万
  • 依托单位:
  • 依托单位国家:
    美国
  • 项目类别:
    Continuing Grant
  • 财政年份:
    2011
  • 资助国家:
    美国
  • 起止时间:
    2011-12-15 至 2018-11-30
  • 项目状态:
    已结题

项目摘要

Intellectual Merit: Both plants and animals have evolved ways to prevent interbreeding between species. In other words, each species is reproductively isolated from other species because of reproductive barriers that prevent hybridization. The focus of this research is to understand the nature of reproductive barriers between species within the genus Solanum, which includes two important crop species, potato and tomato. In the previous funding period, the timing of reproductive barrier formation and site of barrier action in inter-species crosses was determined, and male and female genes involved in forming reproductive barriers were identified. In the current project, this information will be used to pursue the detailed molecular mechanisms that constitute inter-species recognition and rejection during mating attempts. Prior research has identified a population of S. habrochaites (a wild tomato species) with incipient reproductive barriers that isolate it from other populations. This system will now be developed as a powerful model for answering fundamental questions about how new species evolve. In the previous funding period, studies were conducted using tomato because it is an excellent model system for genetic and genomic studies. In the current project, research on reproductive barriers will be expanded into potato, an increasingly important crop worldwide. Broader Impacts: Undergraduates, graduate students, and postdoctoral fellows in the research laboratories will participate in the teaching of undergraduate 'Many Minds' laboratories in an Introductory Biology course; this will ensure that integration of research and teaching becomes second nature as their careers advance. Public outreach will also be a key component of the project. During this project three 90-second radio spots will be produced to air on the public radio Earth & Sky series, which reaches about 15 million listeners. In addition, three podcasts will be produced for the EarthSky (www.earthsky.org) and the project (www.irbtomato.org) web sites. One topic of these media efforts will be the importance of preserving wild germplasm, using tomato as an example, which should truly resonate with lay audiences. The project will also impact society by advancing crop improvement. The wild relatives of tomato and potato possess genes for resistance to pathogens, drought, cold and salinity--traits that are particularly important in a time of global climate change. Unfortunately, accessing these important agronomic traits is often prevented or impeded by reproductive barriers. This project will lead to understanding that will facilitate inter-species crosses between domesticated and wild species by altering reproductive barriers; this advance will greatly expand the genetic base for crop improvement to include resistance to disease and environmental stresses.
智力优势:植物和动物都进化出了防止物种间杂交的方法。换句话说,每个物种在繁殖上都与其他物种隔离,因为繁殖障碍阻止了杂交。本研究的重点是了解茄属植物(包括马铃薯和番茄两种重要作物)种间生殖屏障的性质。在之前的资助期内,确定了种间杂交中生殖屏障形成的时间和屏障作用的位点,并确定了形成生殖屏障的雄性和雌性基因。在当前的项目中,这些信息将被用于追求在交配过程中构成物种间识别和拒绝的详细分子机制。先前的研究已经确定了一个S. habrochaites(一种野生番茄)种群,它具有早期的生殖障碍,将其与其他种群隔离开来。这个系统现在将被发展成一个强有力的模型来回答关于新物种如何进化的基本问题。在之前的资助期内,研究是使用番茄进行的,因为它是遗传和基因组研究的优秀模型系统。在目前的项目中,对繁殖障碍的研究将扩展到马铃薯这一全球日益重要的作物。更广泛的影响:研究实验室的本科生、研究生和博士后将参与生物学导论课程的本科生“多心”实验室的教学;这将确保随着他们职业生涯的发展,研究和教学的结合成为第二天性。公众宣传也将是该项目的一个关键组成部分。在这个项目中,将制作三个90秒的广播广告,在公共广播电台“地球和天空”系列上播出,听众人数约为1500万。此外,EarthSky (www.earthsky.org)和该项目(www.irbtomato.org)网站将制作3个播客。这些媒体努力的一个主题将是保护野生种质的重要性,以番茄为例,这应该真正引起外行观众的共鸣。该项目还将通过促进作物改良对社会产生影响。西红柿和土豆的野生近缘种拥有抵抗病原体、干旱、寒冷和盐度的基因,这些特征在全球气候变化的时代尤为重要。不幸的是,获得这些重要的农艺性状往往受到生殖障碍的阻止或阻碍。该项目将通过改变繁殖障碍来促进驯化物种和野生物种之间的物种间杂交;这一进展将极大地扩大作物改良的遗传基础,使其包括对疾病和环境胁迫的抗性。

项目成果

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Patricia Bedinger其他文献

Patricia Bedinger的其他文献

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{{ truncateString('Patricia Bedinger', 18)}}的其他基金

Using Genomic Tools to Identify Interspecific Reproductive Barriers in the Tomato Clade
使用基因组工具识别番茄进化枝中的种间生殖障碍
  • 批准号:
    0605200
  • 财政年份:
    2006
  • 资助金额:
    $ 464.31万
  • 项目类别:
    Continuing Grant
SGER: Developing Tools for the Analysis of Reproductive Barriers
SGER:开发生殖障碍分析工具
  • 批准号:
    0431335
  • 财政年份:
    2004
  • 资助金额:
    $ 464.31万
  • 项目类别:
    Standard Grant
The Role of Pollen LRX Proteins in Plant Reproduction
花粉 LRX 蛋白在植物繁殖中的作用
  • 批准号:
    0421097
  • 财政年份:
    2004
  • 资助金额:
    $ 464.31万
  • 项目类别:
    Standard Grant
The Role of Pollen Extensin Chimeras in Pollen-Pistil Interactions
花粉延伸蛋白嵌合体在花粉-雌蕊相互作用中的作用
  • 批准号:
    0091976
  • 财政年份:
    2001
  • 资助金额:
    $ 464.31万
  • 项目类别:
    Continuing Grant
CAA: Use of Transgenic Plants and Pollen to Study Pollen Extensins
CAA:利用转基因植物和花粉研究花粉延伸素
  • 批准号:
    9707384
  • 财政年份:
    1997
  • 资助金额:
    $ 464.31万
  • 项目类别:
    Standard Grant
Novel Proteins of the Pollen Extracellular Matrix
花粉细胞外基质的新型蛋白质
  • 批准号:
    9496338
  • 财政年份:
    1994
  • 资助金额:
    $ 464.31万
  • 项目类别:
    Continuing Grant
Novel Proteins of the Pollen Extracellular Matrix
花粉细胞外基质的新型蛋白质
  • 批准号:
    9305165
  • 财政年份:
    1993
  • 资助金额:
    $ 464.31万
  • 项目类别:
    Continuing Grant
NSF Postdoctoral Fellowship in Plant Biology
NSF 植物生物学博士后奖学金
  • 批准号:
    8312563
  • 财政年份:
    1983
  • 资助金额:
    $ 464.31万
  • 项目类别:
    Fellowship Award

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