Floating Offshore Wind Turbines: Conceptual Assessment of Highly Compliant Platforms using Theory, Design and Simulation

浮动式海上风力发电机：利用理论、设计和仿真对高度兼容的平台进行概念评估

• 批准号: 1133682
• 负责人: John Sweetman
• 金额: $ 30万
• 依托单位: Texas A&M Engineering Experiment Station
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 项目类别: Standard Grant
• 财政年份: 2011
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2011-09-01 至 2016-08-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=1133682&HistoricalAwards=false
• 关键词: Floating; Offshore; Wind; Turbines; Conceptual

1133862 PI SweetmanThe objective of this project is to develop new theory and numerical tools to accurately simulate the behavior of floating offshore wind turbines subject to large angular displacements, and use those results to assess the economic and technical feasibility of potential next-generation structures. Intellectual Merit: The potential for a change in design philosophy from highly rigid wind turbine support structures to highly compliant ones will be investigated. New designs and operational control systems will be developed that allow the tower to lean significantly in response to the wind force, and the technical and economic merits of these new designs will be assessed. A shift to highly compliant structures would be a major shift in design philosophy paralleling that of the offshore oil business as drilling and production moved into very deep water. A family of new designs will be developed with rotational restoring properties ranging from very stiff (very small lean of the tower due to wind) to very compliant (leans easily). These designs will be completed in sufficient detail to identify all challenges to existing technology. Computing the dynamics of these highly compliant structures is both difficult and important, in part because of the gyroscopic effect of the huge whirling blades. This challenge will be met through theoretical development and practical implementation of a new dynamic simulation methodology that could prove useful beyond the field of wind energy to other rotating equipment subject to large angular displacements. The new method will be based on conservation of angular momentum in Euler-space for a cloud of rigid bodies representing a floating wind turbine. Development of this new theory and simulation methodology is necessary because conventional wind turbine design tools do not consider the order of rotation of angular deflections and so are inadequate for large angular motions. Additionally, the overall system is extremely nonlinear: the environmental forcing, hydrostatic restoring moments, time-domain control system, and gyroscopic effects are all nonlinear; accurate simulation in the time domain is necessary to assess the viability of the any design concept. Proof that highly compliant support structures have both technical and economic value could begin a technical revolution that enables economic development of wind farms in very challenging deepwater offshore locations. Broader Impacts: As the US continues to work towards ``greener?? sources of alternative energy, there is increasing interest in installing wind turbines offshore, where good winds and adequate space are both available. Public pressure continues to push for having these structures beyond sight of land, and new technologies are needed for more cost-effective generation of wind-powered electricity in very deep waters. This proposal explores for the first time the viability of highly compliant structures for that purpose, the result of which could be a dramatic shift in the design philosophy for floating wind turbines. The education and outreach components include course development, education of graduate and undergraduate students and outreach to K-12 students and teachers as well as to at-risk college students. The teaching will include development of innovative course curricula on off-shore wind energy to teach about design of both bottom-founded and floating offshore wind turbines, and will include education of graduate and undergraduate students in the rapidly advancing area of offshore wind turbine design. Outreach to K?12 students and teachers will be include presentations on offshore energy by the PI and his graduate students in the well-established ``Sea Camp?? program at Texas A&M at Galveston; outreach to at-risk college students, who include many historically underrepresented and financially disadvantaged students, will be through an established program.

1133862 Pi Sweetman这个项目的目标是开发新的理论和数值工具，以准确模拟漂浮式海上风力涡轮机在大角位移下的行为，并使用这些结果来评估潜在的下一代结构的经济和技术可行性。智力优势：将调查设计理念从高度刚性的风力涡轮机支撑结构转变为高度顺应的设计理念的可能性。将开发新的设计和运行控制系统，使塔架能够在风力作用下显著倾斜，并将评估这些新设计的技术和经济优势。随着钻井和生产转移到非常深的水域，转向高度合规的结构将是设计理念的重大转变，与近海石油业务的设计理念类似。将开发一系列具有旋转恢复特性的新设计，范围从非常僵硬(由于风而使塔的倾斜度非常小)到非常顺应性(很容易倾斜)。这些设计将足够详细地完成，以确定现有技术面临的所有挑战。计算这些高度柔顺结构的动力学既困难又重要，部分原因是巨大旋转叶片的陀螺效应。这一挑战将通过理论开发和实际实施一种新的动态模拟方法来应对，这种方法可能被证明在风能领域以外对其他大角位移旋转设备有用。新方法将基于代表浮动风力涡轮机的刚体云在欧拉空间中的角动量守恒。发展这一新的理论和仿真方法是必要的，因为传统的风力机设计工具没有考虑角变形的旋转顺序，因此不能满足大角运动的要求。此外，整个系统是高度非线性的：环境作用力、流体静力恢复力矩、时域控制系统和陀螺效应都是非线性的；为了评估任何设计概念的可行性，在时域中进行准确的仿真是必要的。证明高度兼容的支撑结构具有技术和经济价值，可能会启动一场技术革命，使风力发电场能够在非常具有挑战性的深水近海位置进行经济发展。更广泛的影响：随着美国继续努力实现更环保？？作为替代能源，人们对在近海安装风力涡轮机越来越感兴趣，因为那里有良好的风力和充足的空间。公众压力继续推动让这些建筑远离陆地，需要新技术在非常深的水域更具成本效益地生产风力发电。这项提议首次探索了用于这一目的的高度兼容结构的可行性，其结果可能是浮动风力涡轮机设计理念的戏剧性转变。教育和外展部分包括课程开发、研究生和本科生的教育以及对K-12学生和教师以及高危大学生的外展。教学将包括开发海上风能的创新课程课程，教授海底和浮动海上风力涡轮机的设计，并将包括对快速发展的海上风力涡轮机设计领域的研究生和本科生的教育。面向K？12学生和教师的外展活动将包括由PI和他的研究生在久负盛名的‘’海营‘’就近海能源发表演讲。加尔维斯顿德克萨斯农工大学的项目；将通过一个既定的项目向高危大学生提供服务，这些学生包括许多历史上代表性不足和经济上处于不利地位的学生。