IDR-Collaborative Research: The impact of green infrastructure on urban microclimate and energy use

IDR-合作研究：绿色基础设施对城市微气候和能源使用的影响

• 批准号: 1134580
• 负责人: Eric Pardyjak
• 金额: $ 75.77万
• 依托单位: University of Utah
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 项目类别: Standard Grant
• 财政年份: 2011
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2011-10-01 至 2015-09-30
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=1134580&HistoricalAwards=false
• 关键词: IDR; Collaborative; Research; impact; green

1134580/1133590 Pardyjak/WillemsenLarge-scale simulation science will be used to investigate the impact of green infrastructure projects on urban energy use and microclimate. Green infrastructure projects come in many forms including the development of parks, alteration of building rooftops, and the use of novel asphalt and concrete materials for streets and parking lots. They all share the common goals of reducing energy usage, mitigating pollution emissions and improving the urban microclimate. Due to difficulty in simulating the large disparity in length scales (m to km), little is known about their impact. An interdisciplinary team will utilize a suite of computationally based strategies to bridge these scales and improve understanding of how green infrastructure interacts with the urban environment at local (neighborhood), city, and meso- scales. Specifically, how the distribution of heat, moisture and pollutants can be effected will be investigated. The PIs hypothesize that large-scale simulation science can be used to find optimal green infrastructure designs. The complex interaction between urban form and green infrastructure will be investigated and strategies to guide future projects will be developed. To adequately resolve the fundamental transport processes that govern the distribution of heat, water vapor and pollutants across a wide range of scales will require petascale computing. A new urban fluid dynamics and mass transport simulation code inside of a massively parallel computational framework (Uintah) capable of taking advantage of the largest computing platforms will be implemented. This simulation tool will be combined with mesoscale simulations to produce high-resolution (on the order of 1 m) simulations of the urban core with realistic atmospheric forcing conditions. Mesoscale simulations will also be combined with an extremely fast-running GPU based urban microclimate and dispersion tool to optimize the design of green infrastructure projects based on different criteria (e.g., energy usage, space). The target simulation scenario is a full diurnal cycle of Oklahoma City during the Joint Urban 2003 field campaign, with high fidelity physics, resolving physical effects at length scales ranging from ~1m to 1000?s km. This target scenario takes advantage of the extensive datasets from Oklahoma City taken during the field experiment allowing for detailed validation. These simulation tools will aid urban planners in developing useful and unique strategies for the designing and implementation of green infrastructure projects. To ensure this, work with urban planners will continue throughout the model development process. The data from the high-resolution simulations will be made available in an archival form to other researchers working on urban meteorology applications. These data will span an unprecedented range of scales and have a detailed representation of the physical processes. The data are anticipated to be useful for a wide range of model development and theoretical work outside the scope of this project. In addition, included is a substantial outreach component at both collaborating universities designed to introduce American Indians, Alaskan Natives, and other minorities to simulation science and environmental engineering. Students will be invited to a weeklong interactive learning symposium during each of the three years of the project. In addition, this project will provide interdisciplinary training in the atmospheric, engineering, computer and social sciences for graduate students and post-doctoral researchers through collaborative research activities and from involvement in the Global Change and Ecosystem Center at the University of Utah.

1134580/1133590 Pardyjak/Willemsen大规模模拟科学将用于调查绿色基础设施项目对城市能源使用和微气候的影响。绿色基础设施项目有多种形式，包括开发公园、改造建筑物屋顶，以及在街道和停车场使用新型沥青和混凝土材料。它们都有着共同的目标，即减少能源使用，减少污染排放和改善城市小气候。由于难以模拟长度尺度（米到公里）的巨大差异，对其影响知之甚少。一个跨学科的团队将利用一套基于计算的策略来弥合这些尺度，并提高对绿色基础设施如何在地方（社区）、城市和中观尺度上与城市环境相互作用的理解。具体来说，如何分配的热量，水分和污染物可以影响将被调查。PI假设大规模的模拟科学可以用来找到最佳的绿色基础设施设计。将调查城市形态和绿色基础设施之间复杂的相互作用，并制定指导未来项目的战略。为了充分解决控制热量、水蒸气和污染物在大范围尺度上分布的基本传输过程，将需要千万亿次计算。 将在能够利用最大计算平台的大规模并行计算框架（Uintah）内实施新的城市流体动力学和大众运输模拟代码。这一模拟工具将与中尺度模拟相结合，以产生具有现实大气强迫条件的城市核心的高分辨率（1米量级）模拟。中尺度模拟还将与基于GPU的城市微气候和分散工具相结合，以根据不同的标准优化绿色基础设施项目的设计（例如，能源使用、空间）。目标模拟方案是一个完整的昼夜循环的俄克拉荷马州市在联合城市2003年的实地活动，高保真物理，解决物理效应的长度范围从1米到1000？s km。该目标场景利用了在现场实验期间从俄克拉荷马州市采集的大量数据集，以进行详细验证。这些模拟工具将帮助城市规划者为设计和实施绿色基础设施项目制定有用和独特的战略。为了确保这一点，与城市规划者的合作将在整个模型开发过程中继续进行。来自高分辨率模拟的数据将以档案形式提供给从事城市气象应用的其他研究人员。这些数据将涵盖前所未有的规模，并详细描述物理过程。预计这些数据将对本项目范围外的广泛模型开发和理论工作有用。此外，还包括在两所合作大学的大量推广活动，旨在向美洲印第安人，阿拉斯加原住民和其他少数民族介绍模拟科学和环境工程。 学生将被邀请参加为期一周的互动学习研讨会在该项目的三年中的每一年。此外，该项目将通过合作研究活动和参与犹他州大学全球变化和生态系统中心，为研究生和博士后研究人员提供大气、工程、计算机和社会科学方面的跨学科培训。